Interactions of Dietary Calcium with Toxic Levels of Lead and Zinc in Pigs

Hsu, F. S.; Krook, L; Pond, Wilson G.; Duncan, J R

doi:10.1093/jn/105.1.112

Cited by 89 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Mean squares and probability levels indicating main effects of dietary variables and all interactions on daily weight gain, daily feed consumed, gain to feed ratio, and on Pb concentration sin liver and kidney and on percentage of bone in the femur are shown in Table 3. Concentration of Pb in liver and kidneys was lower (P < 0.01) in rats fed high Ca than in those fed low Ca, in agreement with previous reports (Shields and Mitchell, 1941;Hsu et al, 1975, andSix andGoyer, 1970). The magnitude of the decrease in Pb accretion in both liver and kidney tissue as a result of increasing dietary Ca from 0.29 to 0.96% of the diet was profound.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The basal diet was a highly fortified milkreplacer containing about 1% calcium supplied by milk constituents. High dietary calcium is known to reduce tissue uptake of lead and protect the pig from the tissue pathology associated with lead ingestion (Hsu et al, 1975). The objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that dietary clinoptilolite and calcium levels affect the growth, tissue uptake and bone morphology of growing rats fed diets containing toxic levels of lead.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bone Density and Tissue Lead Accretion in Growing Rats Fed Low High Calcium With or Without Supplemental Clinoptilolite

Krook

et al. 1996

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Density and Tissue Lead Accretion in Growing Rats Fed Low High Calcium With or Without Supplemental Clinoptilolite

Krook

et al. 1996

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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“…Metabolic studies have shown that low intake of iron, calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin C may enhance the intestinal absorption and tissue retention of lead, resulting in increased lead toxicity (Barton et al 1978a(Barton et al , 1978bEdelstein et al 1984;Hamilton 1978;Hammad et al 1996 al. 1989;Hsu et al 1975;Klauder and Petering 1975;Mahaffey and Goyer 1972;Ragan 1977;Singh et al 1991;Six and Goyer 1970;Sobel and Burger 1955;Suzuki and Yoshida 1979). The lack of consistency between the results of this study with previous reports may be due to a number of reasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 40%

Influence of nutrient intake on blood lead levels of young children at risk for lead poisoning.

Gallicchio

Scherer

Sexton

2002

Environ Health Perspect

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Although removal of lead paint hazards from at-risk houses remains the primary means of preventing elevated blood lead among young children, reduction of risk through nutritional factors has also been of interest. In this study we evaluated the effect of nutrient intake on blood lead levels by analyzing whether the intakes of certain dietary components a) were associated with blood lead levels independent of lead exposure or b) modified the effect of lead exposure on blood lead. Subjects were 205 children from low-income families who were approximately 1 year of age and living in old, urban houses. The data collected for each child included blood lead level, nutritional status, and amount of lead exposure, which was assessed from samples of household dust. Multiple linear regression analyses showed a statistically significant positive association between lead exposure and blood lead. Statistically significant positive associations were found between blood lead and total fat as well as blood lead and saturated fat, independent of lead exposure and age of the child. Regression modeling and stratified analysis showed that mean blood lead increased with increasing lead exposure as well as with increasing caloric intake, suggesting that caloric intake modifies the association between lead exposure and blood lead. The findings from this study, if replicated in other studies, support a dietary intervention to reduce the amount of total calories, total fat, and saturated fat among children 1 year of age at risk for lead exposure, while maintaining adequate intake of these dietary components. Our results also reinforce recommendations that removal of lead paint hazards from at-risk houses should be the primary means of preventing lead exposure.

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“…Slight enlargement of the brain following lead intoxication was also noted earlier (4). The increase in size might be due to accumulation of lead in this soft tissue (33). The impact of lead in increasing the size of the brain was comparable between the groups of rats receiving the 18% and 6% protein diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Impact of Lead Toxicity on Brain Metabolisms of Nucleic Acid and Catecholamine in Protein Malnourished Rats.

Ghosh

Chatterjee

Gupta

1992

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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SummaryThe brain biochemistry in terms of certain key substances of brain were studied in 18% protein and 6% protein-fed rats following lead ingestion at a level of 1% in the diet. Lead ingestion diminished the protein and increased the RNA content of brain, and, consequently reduced the protein/RNA ratio. The RNA/DNA ratio in brain was elevated in lead toxicity, while the protein/DNA ratio remained unaltered. The RNase and DNase activities of brain were decreased. Lead treatment diminished the glutathione (GSH) level of blood but the GSH level of brain was not altered significantly by the lead treatment. The plasma protein level was also diminished after lead treatment. The effects of lead on some of these parameters were found to be more pronounced in rats receiving the 6% protein diet. The serotonin (5-HT) level of brain was reduced, while the norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) levels of brain were elevated following lead treatment. The monoamine oxidase (MAO) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) activities and 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid (5-HIAA) content of brain were elevated in lead ingested rats. The effects of lead on these parameters were found to be potentiated when the rats were fed on a 6% protein diet. These studies suggest that lead at the present dose affects brain biochemistry in terms of both nucleic acids and amine metabolism, and protein deficiency potenti ates some of these lead-induced changes.

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Interactions of Dietary Calcium with Toxic Levels of Lead and Zinc in Pigs

Cited by 89 publications

References 16 publications

Bone Density and Tissue Lead Accretion in Growing Rats Fed Low High Calcium With or Without Supplemental Clinoptilolite

Bone Density and Tissue Lead Accretion in Growing Rats Fed Low High Calcium With or Without Supplemental Clinoptilolite

Influence of nutrient intake on blood lead levels of young children at risk for lead poisoning.

Impact of Lead Toxicity on Brain Metabolisms of Nucleic Acid and Catecholamine in Protein Malnourished Rats.

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