Interactions of Cr2O3–Al2O3–ZrO2 refractory with slags in an entrained-flow coal-water slurry gasifier

Spalling degradation of Cr2O3‐Al2O3‐ZrO2 refractories for coal‐water slurry gasifier linings: Role of phosphate

“…[14][15][16] Most of them focused on interface erosion, which was easy to achieve in the laboratory, but the results had very limited guidance for industrial applications because excellent corrosion resistance was obvious for chromium oxide refractory. 6,[17][18][19] Many industrial application results of refractories showed that spalling was the fatal damage to the high chromia bricks in gasifiers. 5,16,20 However, the research reports on spalling were rare, because many industrial application data were difficult to obtain.…”

“…Previous works of the degradation mechanism about the high chromia refractories used in gasifier considered that erosion, wear, and spalling were the causes of damage 14–16 . Most of them focused on interface erosion, which was easy to achieve in the laboratory, but the results had very limited guidance for industrial applications because excellent corrosion resistance was obvious for chromium oxide refractory 6,17–19 . Many industrial application results of refractories showed that spalling was the fatal damage to the high chromia bricks in gasifiers 5,16,20 .…”

Modeling Study of the Slag Behaviors Based on Temperature–Time–Viscosity of Crystalline Slag in an Entrained-Flow Gasifier

“…Coal gasification is a key supporting technology in the field of coal chemical industry, and entrained-flow gasification is one of the most widely used technologies because of the high efficiency and extensive of coal species. , In a membrane wall entrained-flow gasification, the ash particles and unreacted residual carbon particles from the gasification chamber deposit on the wall and form a slag layer. One part of the slag layer is composed of the solid slag adhered to the wall, and the other part is composed of the flowing liquid slag.…”

Numerical Analysis of Fracture Failure Behavior of Refractory Lining in Coal-Water Slurry Gasifier

“…Coal-water slurry (CWS) gasification is the most critical technology for clean and efficient utilization of coal. Due to its wide adaptability of raw materials, high carbon conversion rate, large capacity of single gasifier, and environmental friendliness, this technology has been widely used in electric power, petroleum, chemical, and other industries. − The refractory lining is a key component of a CWS gasifier, which can isolate elevated temperature, restrict the flow field, and resist corrosion by particles, slag, and gas. , During long-term service in a CWS gasifier, the refractory lining will inevitably initiate fatigue cracks due to the cyclic thermal shock caused by repeated heating and cooling of the gasifier. Fatigue crack growth has always been the main failure mechanism for a refractory lining serving at elevated temperature and high pressure conditions, leading to early failure of the refractory lining prior to the design life. − This will not only affect the operation cycle and stability of the gasifier, but also cause production accidents.…”