Interactions of Clay Minerals with Organic Polymers. Some Practical Applications

Theng, B. K. G.

doi:10.1346/ccmn.1970.0180608

Cited by 66 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Similar PAM effects on bulk density were observed in a prior study under identical treatment conditions (Unpublished data, 2001). These results were antithetical to other reports, which state that PAM does not promote clay swelling by intercalating between clay layers (Theng, 1970;Stutzmann and Siffert, 1977) and that, when PAM complexes with clay in water, PAM acts to reduce clay swelling during a subsequent wetting (Emerson, 1963).…”

Section: Effective Hydraulic Conductivitysupporting

confidence: 87%

Polyacrylamide and biopolymer effects on flocculation, aggregate stability, and water seepage in a silt loam

Lentz¹

2015

Geoderma

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Researchers seek a more renewable and natural alternative for water soluble anionic polyacrylamide (PAM), a highly-effective, petroleum-derived polymer used in agriculture to control erosion and reduce water seepage from unlined irrigation structures. This study evaluated four anionic polymers including low-(0.5 Mg mol , high-MW biopolymer or PAM solutions were applied to silt loam. The biopolymer most effectively flocculated the colloids at a concentration of 1 mg L −1 , but was still 30% less effective than PAM at 1 mg L −1 and 50% less effective than PAM at 10 mg L −1. Overall, both polymer types increased the percent of stable soil aggregates in the silt loam, 1-to-2-mm-diam. size fraction, though PAM produced 1.35-times more stable aggregates than the biopolymer, 88.7% vs. 65.5%. These results suggested that the biopolymer's bulkier molecular conformation limited the extension and flexibility of the molecule in solution, compared to PAM. After 140 h, the biopolymer reduced seepage loss rates by 21%, while PAM increased loss rates 1.6-fold, compared to controls. These data suggest that the biopolymer would be less effective than PAM for reducing water erosion owing to its lesser flocculation and aggregatestabilizing potential. However, the biopolymer could be a more desirable alternative to PAM for controlling seepage from unlined irrigation canals and reservoirs; it (i) can be used effectively at lower concentrations, (ii) is considered more environmentally friendly, and (iii) is produced from a renewable resource.Published by Elsevier B.V.

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Section: Effective Hydraulic Conductivitysupporting

confidence: 87%

Polyacrylamide and biopolymer effects on flocculation, aggregate stability, and water seepage in a silt loam

Lentz¹

2015

Geoderma

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“…2b shows that IGB has attached to the BC surface and entered into the hole among micro fibers, and finally the BC surface and holes were filled. There were lots of hydroxyl groups on the surface of BC and IGB, thus there was weak hydrogen bonding between them [33,34], which can enhance the BC physical-mechanical properties [35]. Also, the modification of the BC media (for example the addition of carboxi metil cellulose) has been reported to change the diameter of the BC fibers.…”

Section: Effect Of Igb Addition On Microscopic Morphology Of Bc Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Bacterial Cellulose/Inorganic Gel of Bentonite Composite by In Situ Modification

Wang

Huang

et al. 2015

Indian J Microbiol

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To evaluate the possibility of Bacterial cellulose/Inorganic Gel of Bentonite (BC/IGB) composite production using in situ method, the BC/IGB composite was successfully produced by in situ modification of BC in both HS medium and corncob hydrolysate. The results showed that the BC/IGB composite obtained in HS medium (one classical medium for BC production) had a higher water holding capacity, but the water retention capacity of the BC/IGB composite obtained in corncob hydrolysate was better. The performance of BC/IGB composite depended on the environment of in situ modification. Using different media showed significant influence on the sugar utilization and BC yield. In addition, BC/IGB composite produced by in situ method was compared with that produced by ex situ method, and the results shows that water holding capacity of BC/IGB composite obtained through in situ method was better. XRD results showed the crystallinity of BC/IGB composite related little to its performance as water absorbent. Overall, in situ modification is appropriate for further production of BC composite and other clay materials.

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“…Adsorption and absorption of hydrocarbon in the organic matter and on the surface of clay minerals also affect the storage and fluid flow (Zhang et al, 2012;Ross and Bustin, 2009;Javadpour et al, 2007;Javadpour, 2009). Different mechanisms through which clay minerals and organic matter may interact are widely studied (Lagaly, 1984;Kowalska et al, 1994;Theng, 1970Theng, , 1974Warren et al, 1986). The interaction of clay minerals and organic compounds is mainly governed by electrically charged surface of the clay minerals and the polar nature of some functional groups present in the organic matter (Kowalska et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porosity evolution in oil-prone source rocks

Zargari

Prasad

2014

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2014

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The origin of porosity and mechanisms of fluid flow at the presence of organic matter and clay minerals in source rocks is poorly understood. Burial and maturation of the source rock affects all types of pore systems in these finegrained rocks. Kerogen decomposition and consequent shrinkage change the load bearing state of the minerals and organic matter. Porosity in the kerogen is generated since early stages of maturation but it is only preserved if the kerogen particles are sheltered in a supporting frame of load bearing minerals. Geologic evidence confirms that the expulsion process is not 100% efficient. The expulsion efficiency and its control factors are poorly constrained.Presence of clay minerals and the organic matter affect log responses by falsifying porosity and resistivity measurements. In order to understand porosity evolution and the interaction of byproducts and rock minerals during the course of maturation one must study source rock samples with different range of maturity. In this paper, we studied the evolution of porosity in self-sourcing mudrocks.We measured pore size distributions (PSD) and specific surface areas (SSD) in native state and after successive extraction of the source rocks with solvents of increasing polarities. The PSD and SSA measured after each washing show evolution of the pore system with successive cleaning. Most significant is the recovery of kerogenhosted pores with removal of hydrocarbons. We found that kerogen-hosted pores were only recovered in the less clay rich samples. This observation confirms the significance of sheltering effect from load bearing minerals.These studies will help us to understand how the log responses must be interpreted at the presence of organic matter and clay minerals and develop practical workflows for integrating geochemical data with well logs for petrophysical characterization of self-sourcing systems. Introduction:

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Interactions of Clay Minerals with Organic Polymers. Some Practical Applications

Abstract: Abstract-An account is given of the interactions between clay minerals and organic polymers with particular reference to their applications in agriculture, foundation engineering and industry.

Cited by 66 publications

References 48 publications

Polyacrylamide and biopolymer effects on flocculation, aggregate stability, and water seepage in a silt loam

Polyacrylamide and biopolymer effects on flocculation, aggregate stability, and water seepage in a silt loam

Preparation of Bacterial Cellulose/Inorganic Gel of Bentonite Composite by In Situ Modification

Porosity evolution in oil-prone source rocks

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