Interactions of Atmospheric Deposition with Coniferous Canopies in Estonia

Pajuste, K.; Frey, Jane; Asi, E.

doi:10.1007/s10661-006-0360-x

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…They attributed this difference to canopy uptake dynamics. Canopy uptake of NO 3 − and NH 4 + as reported in literature suggests that total inorganic N deposition will be underestimated (Johnson and Lindberg 1992;Jin et al 2006;Pajuste et al 2006). In the IFS data, net dry throughfall deposition of NO 3 − was estimated at 752 eq ha −1…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Long-Term Effects of Acidic Deposition on Water Quality in a High-Elevation Great Smoky Mountains National Park Watershed: Use of an Ion Input–Output Budget

Cai

Schwartz

Robinson

et al. 2009

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Impacts from acidic deposition on stream water quality in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM) have long been reported; however, a better understanding of the biogeochemical processes that regulate stream acidification is needed for resource management. Water quality monitoring of Noland Divide Watershed (NDW), a high-elevation watershed in the GRSM, was used to generate an ion input-output budget in order to evaluate what processes have influenced stream pH and acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) over the long term. NDW was equipped with wet deposition, throughfall, soil lysimeters, and stream collection stations, and monitoring began in 1991 and continues to the present. Using data from 1991 to 2006, this study found annual deposition fluxes of SO 4 2− and NO 3 − averaged 1,735 and 863 eq ha −1 year −1 , respectively. Data indicated that 61% of the net SO 4 2− entering the watershed was retained, suggesting soil adsorption dominates as a biogeochemical process. Although net SO 4 2− retention was observed, SO 4 2− appeared to move rapidly through NDW during large precipitation events causing stream acidification, as evidenced by significant inverse correlations between biweekly throughfall SO 4 2− flux and stream event pH and ANC. Nitrogen uptake by forest vegetation and nitrification play key roles in regulating NO 3 − export to the stream as observed by 32% retention of net inorganic nitrogen, and 96% of NH 4 + input was converted to NO 3 − in the uppermost soil horizon. Net export of base cations (Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + ) is observed and apparently moderates stream acidification. In contrast, 71% of net K + input was retained, which is likely due to forest vegetation uptake. Net export of Ca 2+ was 867 eq ha −1 year −1 compared to net throughfall of 790 eq ha −1 year −1 . Long-term cation depletion from the NDW soils could limit recovery potential in stream water quality. Findings from this NDW study suggest that future stream acidification conditions in high-elevation GRSM watersheds are dependent on interrelated biogeochemical processes and precipitation patterns, illustrating the need to better understanding potential impacts of climate variability on stream water quality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Long-Term Effects of Acidic Deposition on Water Quality in a High-Elevation Great Smoky Mountains National Park Watershed: Use of an Ion Input–Output Budget

Cai

Schwartz

Robinson

et al. 2009

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…Throughfall deposition fluxes of Ca, Mg, K, S-SO 4 , N-NO 3 and N-NH 4 in the mountain spruce stands of different stand density and bulk deposition fluxes on the open area were measured at the study site Bílý , 1993, -1996, (Marchetti et al 2002 3 Saarejärve locality, 1995(Pajuste et al 2006 15.7 and 11.6, 4.2 and 3.0, 19.2 and 12.7, 22.5 and 16.4, 8.9 and 7.4, 7.7 and 6.6 kg/ha, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of deposition fluxes on the open area and in mountain spruce stands of different density

Marková¹,

Drápelová²,

Truparová³

2009

J. For. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:To better understand the chemical transformation of rainfall after the passage through the canopies it is necessary to study throughfall deposition fluxes within forest stands. The comparison of bulk deposition fluxes of Ca, Mg, K, S-SO 4 , N-NO 3 and N-NH 4 in mountain spruce stands of different stand density and bulk deposition fluxes on the open area was made at the study site Bílý Kříž (Moravian-Silesian Beskids Mts., Czech Republic) during the period of 1999-2006. A linear relationship between the amount of rainfall on the open area and the amount of throughfall in the spruce stand was found. Throughfall deposition fluxes of selected elements in the dense as well as in the sparse spruce stands were higher when compared with bulk deposition fluxes on the open area. There were mostly statistical significant differences between the bulk deposition fluxes on the open area and those in the studied spruce stands. The throughfall deposition fluxes of Ca, Mg, K and S-SO 4 were influenced by the spruce stand density. (e.g. "Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution", "International Cooperative Programme on Integrated Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Ecosystems"). In the Czech Republic the forests in the border mountains and the forests at the highlands might be still endangered by the consequence of former soil acidification in spite of the fact that the concentrations of acidifying substances in the air have substantially decreased. In this paper deposition fluxes of selected elements in mountain spruce stands of different stand density and deposition fluxes on the open area are evaluated at the study site Bílý Kříž (Moravian-Silesian Beskids Mts., Czech Republic) for the period of 1999-2006. METHODThe study site is located at Bílý Kříž in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids Mts. (Czech Republic). Geographic coordinates, climatic and soil parameters of the site are given in Table 1. Bulk deposition fluxes on the open area and throughfall deposition fluxes of Ca, Mg, K, S-SO 4 , N-NO 3 and N-NH 4 in the mountain spruce stands of different stand density were evaluated during the period of 1999-2006. Spruce stand was planted in 1981 using four-yearsold seedlings of Picea abies (L.) Karst., hence the trees age was 30 years in 2007. The mean slope of the plot with the spruce stand is 13.5°, its exposure is SSE and mean altitude 908 m a.s.l. Dolomitic limestone (31% CaO, 21% MgO) was used for the aerial liming of the spruce stand in 1983, 1985 and 1987 (3 t/ha was applied every year, respectively). The studied spruce stand is divided into two plots with different stand density (FD -dense stand, FS -sparse stand). Leaf area index and stand density of the spruce stand on the studied plots are shown in Table 2.For throughfall sampling in the spruce stands and atmospheric precipitation sampling on the open area, permanently open polyethylene sampling vessels of an area of 335.33 cm 2 were used (Block, Bartels 1985;Niehus, Bruggemann 1995). The vessels were inserted into the thick-walled plastic pipes...

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“…The share of this process in the tree stand under analysis was estimated at 74.1% of the potassium deposition in the throughfall. Pajuste et al (2006) obtained values ranging from 40-73% for pine and spruce stands in Estonia. Similar values were quoted by Herrmann et al (2006) for two pine stands situated in north-west Germany (44-71%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Pajuste et al (2006) provide values ranging from 4.8-5.6 for pine and spruce stands in Estonia. Terauda et al (2007) obtained values ranging from 5.4-5.8 for pine stands in Lithuania in 2004, while Hermmann et al (2006 reported the pH of the throughfall of 5.6 in north-west Germany.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Physical Properties of Precipitation in Pine Stands in the Area with A Low Degree of Air Pollution (Western Pomerania)

Kruszyk

2013

Quaestiones Geographicae

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Abstract. The study presents the results of research conducted in the years 2010-2012 in pine stands in Western Pomerania. The research included physicochemical properties of bulk precipitation and throughfall. The results confirm that despite a decrease in the total throughfall in the interception process, the size of mineral and organic depositions in pine stands exceeded values recorded for bulk precipitation. 2-, NO 3 -). The share of leaching processes for K + was 74.1%, while for Mg 2+ 23.6% of the total load of these elements brought to the ground with throughfall. In the case of Ca 2+ no canopy leaching was observed for this element. The throughfall acidification processes were mostly caused by NO 3 -.

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Interactions of Atmospheric Deposition with Coniferous Canopies in Estonia

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

Long-Term Effects of Acidic Deposition on Water Quality in a High-Elevation Great Smoky Mountains National Park Watershed: Use of an Ion Input–Output Budget

Long-Term Effects of Acidic Deposition on Water Quality in a High-Elevation Great Smoky Mountains National Park Watershed: Use of an Ion Input–Output Budget

Comparison of deposition fluxes on the open area and in mountain spruce stands of different density

Changes in the Physical Properties of Precipitation in Pine Stands in the Area with A Low Degree of Air Pollution (Western Pomerania)

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