Interactions of allele E of the MC1R gene with FM and mutations in the MLPH gene cause the five-gray phenotype in the Anyi tile-like gray chicken

Xu, Jiguo; Xie, Mingkun; Zou, Shu-Zhan; Liu, X F; Li, X H; Xie, Jing; Zhang, X Q

doi:10.4238/gmr.15027633

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The interval we refined was partly converged with previous results, suggesting that the Id gene is in or near our refined genome region [11]. Zhang, et al [12] investigated the genetic basis of the gray dilution phenotype in the Anti tile-like gray chicken. They found that the allele E of the MC1R gene and FM alleles act together to cause the development of the "five-black" phenotype (black feather, comb, skin, shank, and beak), whereas the MLPH mutation results in defective melanosome transport, leading to the development of the "five-gray" phenotype [12].…”

Section: Candidate Genes For Skin Color In Farm Animals Chickensupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Zhang, et al [12] investigated the genetic basis of the gray dilution phenotype in the Anti tile-like gray chicken. They found that the allele E of the MC1R gene and FM alleles act together to cause the development of the "five-black" phenotype (black feather, comb, skin, shank, and beak), whereas the MLPH mutation results in defective melanosome transport, leading to the development of the "five-gray" phenotype [12]. In additional, Zhang, et al [13] mapped the gene responsible for the dermal shank pigmentation in chickens by an association analysis and a differential expression analysis, and found that GRAMD3 could be the most likely candidate gene for the Id locus.…”

Section: Candidate Genes For Skin Color In Farm Animals Chickenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Genetics of Skin Color Variation in Farm Animals

HX¹

2019

IZAB

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Melanin from melanocytes has a broad spectrum of biological activities, including protection against enzymatic lysis, UV radiation, and damage by oxidants and resistance to drugs by pathogens, protection of insects against bacteria and antiviral protection, etc. Coloration of the hair, skin, and eye in animal depends on the quantity, quality, and distribution of the pigment in tissues. Pigmentation is a variety of phenotypes that is important to husbandry. We reviewed the progress of skin color variation in farm animals to provide insights into the biology of skin pigmentation and melanocyte.

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Section: Candidate Genes For Skin Color In Farm Animals Chickensupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Candidate Genes For Skin Color In Farm Animals Chickenmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetics of Skin Color Variation in Farm Animals

HX¹

2019

IZAB

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“…They found a single-nucleotide polymorphism that weakens the color of gene E. Later, mutations in the MLPH gene leading to the formation of lavender color of the plumage were found in quails (Bed'hom et al, 2012). Xu and co-authors on the example of Ani chickens confirmed the connection of LAV color with mutations in this gene (Xu et al, 2016).…”

Section: Genes-modifiersmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…One more gene influencing the expression of the tyrosinase gene is MLPH (Vaez et al, 2008;Bed'hom et al, 2012;Xu et al, 2016). Vaez and co-authors (2008) studied the blue (LAV) coloration of chicken plumage based on orthology with the gene found in mice.…”

Section: Genes-modifiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular-genetic bases of plumage coloring in chicken

Макарова¹,

Митрофанова²,

Vakhrameev³

et al. 2019

Vestn. VOGiS

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The color of plumage in birds is an important feature, often determining descent to a particular species or breed. It serves as a key factor in the interaction of birds with each other due to their well-developed visual perception of the surrounding world. In poultry including chickens, the color of the plumage can be treated as a genetic marker, useful for identifying breeds, populations and breeding groups with their specific traits. The origin of diverse color plumage is the result of two interrelated physical processes, chemical and optical, due to which pigment and structural colors in the color are formed. The pigment melanin, which is presented in two forms, eumelanin and pheomelanin, is widely spread in birds. The basis for the formation of melanin is the aromatic amino acid tyrosine. The process of melano-genesis involves many loci, part of the complex expression of plumage color genes. In birds, the solid black color locus encodes the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), mutations in which lead to a change in receptor activation and form different variants of the E locus. Using the GWAS analysis, possible genes affecting the formation of color in chickens were detected. The biosynthesis and types of melanin are affected by the activity of the enzyme tyrosine, and mutations in the tyrosinase gene (TYR) cause albinism in different species. The formation mechanism of brown, silver, gold, lavender and a number of other shades is determined by the influence on the work of the MC1R genes and TYR specific modifier genes. Thus, locus I currently associated with the PMEL17 gene inhibits the expression of eumelanin, and the MLPH gene affects tyrosinase function. Research on the mechanisms of formation of the secondary coloring of plumage in chickens is being actively conducted nowadays. The formation of a marble feather pattern is associated with the mutation of the endothelin B2 receptor (EDNRB2), in the coding part of the gene of which a polymorphism is found associated with the mo locus. The molecular base that causes the feather banding (locus B and autosomal recessive banding) is identified. Today, only some genes that determine the color of the plumage of chickens are studied and described. Different genes can produce similar plumage patterns, and different phenotypes can be determined by the polymorphism of a single gene. Using molecular methods, you can more accurately identify these differences. This overview shows the nature of melanin coloration in birds using the example of chickens of various breeds and also attempts to systematize knowledge about the molecular-genetic mechanisms of the appearance of various types of coloration.

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“…However, the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of this grouping are not yet clear. To date, the usual method of grouping chickens is using melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) genetic variation to identify the function of pheomelanin or eumelanin associated with the color of the chickens (Lee et al, 2002;Xu et al, 2016). However, the identification of color pattern of Korean chickens based on MC1R variation is not yet clear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Genetic Association among Different Colors of Korean Native Chicken Breeds through the RAPD-PCR Method

Kim¹

2020

JAHP

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Interactions of allele E of the MC1R gene with FM and mutations in the MLPH gene cause the five-gray phenotype in the Anyi tile-like gray chicken

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

The Genetics of Skin Color Variation in Farm Animals

The Genetics of Skin Color Variation in Farm Animals

Molecular-genetic bases of plumage coloring in chicken

Identification of Genetic Association among Different Colors of Korean Native Chicken Breeds through the RAPD-PCR Method

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