Interactions between the Pathogen Trichoderma harzianum Th2 and Agaricus bisporus in Mushroom Compost

Mamoun, M.; Savoie, Jean‐Michel; Olivier, Jean-Marc

doi:10.2307/3761556

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Trichoderma harzianum is commonly acknowledged as a mycoparasite (5,21) with the ability to secrete a wide complement of depolymerases (21,25) and has been used as a biocontrol agent against several major plant pathogens. However, since 1985 T. harzianum green mold infestations of commercial mushroom compost in the Republic of Ireland, United Kingdom, United States, and France have been responsible for the considerable losses of yields of Agaricus bisporus (22,31,34,36,43,44).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Saprotrophic and Mycoparasitic Components of Aggressiveness of Trichoderma harzianum Groups toward the Commercial Mushroom Agaricus bisporus

Williams

Clarkson

Mills³

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

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We examined the mycoparasitic and saprotrophic behavior of isolates representing groups of Trichoderma harzianum to establish a mechanism for the aggressiveness towards Agaricus bisporus in infested commercial compost. Mycoparasitic structures were infrequently observed in interaction zones on various media, including compost, with cryoscanning electron microscopy. T. harzianum grows prolifically in compost in the absence or presence of A. bisporus, and the aggressive European (Th2) and North American (Th4) isolates produced significantly higher biomasses (6.8-and 7.5-fold, respectively) in compost than did nonaggressive, group 1 isolates. All groups secreted depolymerases that could attack the cell walls of A. bisporus and of wheat straw, and some were linked to aggressiveness. Growth on mushroom cell walls in vitro resulted in rapid production of chymoelastase and trypsin-like proteases by only the Th2 and Th4 isolates. These isolates also produced a dominant protease isoform (pI 6.22) and additional chitinase isoforms. On wheat straw, Th4 produced distinct isoforms of cellulase and laminarinase, but there was no consistent association between levels or isoforms of depolymerases and aggressiveness. Th3's distinctive profiles confirmed its reclassification as Trichoderma atroviride. Proteases and glycanases were detected for the first time in sterilized compost colonized by T. harzianum. Xylanase dominated, and some isoforms were unique to compost, as were some laminarinases. We hypothesize that aggressiveness results from competition, antagonism, or parasitism but only as a component of, or following, extensive saprotrophic growth involving degradation of wheat straw cell walls.

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confidence: 99%

Saprotrophic and Mycoparasitic Components of Aggressiveness of Trichoderma harzianum Groups toward the Commercial Mushroom Agaricus bisporus

Williams

Clarkson

Mills³

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The fi rst green mould epidemic was reported in Northern Ireland in 1985, quickly followed by outbreaks in several European countries (4)(5)(6)(7). In the early 1990s, a similar disease appeared in mushroom crops in the United States and Canada (8)(9)(10).…”

Section: Agaricus Bisporusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to determine the temperature growth profi les of the isolates the plates were incubated at (5,10,15,20,25,30,35, and 40) °C.…”

Section: Characterisation Of the Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Report on Mushroom Green Mould Disease in Croatia / Prvi Izvještaj O Bolesti Zelene Plijesni U Hrvatskoj

Lóránt

Sabolić

Kocsubé

et al. 2012

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Green mould disease, caused by Trichoderma species, is a severe problem for mushroom growers worldwide, including Croatia. Trichoderma strains were isolated from green mould-affected Agaricus bisporus (button or common mushroom) compost and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) substrate samples collected from Croatian mushroom farms. The causal agents of green mould disease in the oyster mushroom were T. pleurotum and T. pleuroticola, similar to other countries. At the same time, the pathogen of A. bisporus was exclusively the species T. harzianum, which is different from earlier fi ndings and indicates that the range of mushroom pathogens is widening. The temperature profi les of the isolates and their hosts overlapped, thus no range was found that would allow optimal growth of the mushrooms without mould contamination. Ferulic acid and certain phenolic compounds, such as thymol showed remarkable fungistatic effect on the Trichoderma isolates, but inhibited the host mushrooms as well. However, commercial fungicides prochloraz and carbendazim were effective agents for pest management. This is the fi rst report on green mould disease of cultivated mushrooms in Croatia.

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“…Studies on various aspects of fungal contaminants and diseases of Pleurotus spp. were undertaken by various workers (Castle et al, 1998;Mamoun et al, 2000) and they reported Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus Survey revealed that the occurrence of eight contaminants in mushroom beds and out of which Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, Coprinus sp. were found to be the dominant fungal contaminants and occurrence was high during may to July (23.5 -26.7 %) causing maximum loss to mushroom yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Competitor Mould in Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus florida) Cultivation and their Management

Kumar¹,

Sarathi²

2017

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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Interactions between the Pathogen Trichoderma harzianum Th2 and Agaricus bisporus in Mushroom Compost

Cited by 27 publications

References 6 publications

Saprotrophic and Mycoparasitic Components of Aggressiveness of Trichoderma harzianum Groups toward the Commercial Mushroom Agaricus bisporus

Saprotrophic and Mycoparasitic Components of Aggressiveness of Trichoderma harzianum Groups toward the Commercial Mushroom Agaricus bisporus

The First Report on Mushroom Green Mould Disease in Croatia / Prvi Izvještaj O Bolesti Zelene Plijesni U Hrvatskoj

Screening of Competitor Mould in Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus florida) Cultivation and their Management

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