Interactions between risk factors in the prediction of onset of eating disorders: Exploratory hypothesis generating analyses

Stice, Eric; Desjardins, Christopher David

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2018.03.005

Cited by 69 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Overall, our findings lend further support to an earlier report that found differences in growth trajectories that are associated with later onset of AN were detectable as early as age 2 years [7,38,39]. Importantly, this impact of genetic liability for AN arises prior to any diagnosis of the illness, highlighting that individuals at higher genetic risk for AN have slightly different growth development during childhood before the average of onset that typically occurs during early adolescence [1,7,38,39]. Sex differences in body composition have been well-documented in the medical literature in which males on average having higher lean body mass, BMD, and body height but lower fat mass than females [40].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The impact of anorexia nervosa and BMI polygenic risk on childhood growth: a 20-year longitudinal population-based study

Abdulkadir

Hübel

Herle

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Deviating growth from the norm during childhood has been associated with anorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity later in life. In this study, we examined whether polygenic scores (PGS) for AN and obesity are associated, individually or combined, with a range of anthropometric trajectories spanning the first two decades of life. Methods: AN-PGS and obesity-PGS were calculated for participants of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC; N= 8,654 participants with genotype data and at least one outcome measure). Using generalized (mixed) linear models, we associated PGS with trajectories of weight, height, body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), lean mass index (LMI), and bone mineral density (BMD). Growth trajectories were derived using spline modeling or mixed effects modeling. Results: Between age 5-24 years, Females with one SD higher AN-PGS had on average a 0.01% lower BMI trajectory, and between age 10-24 years a 0.01% lower FMI trajectory and 0.05% lower weight trajectory. Higher obesity-PGS was associated with higher BMI, FMI, LMI, BMD, weight, and lower height trajectories in both sexes. The average growth trajectories of females with high AN-PGS/low obesity-PGS remained consistently lower than those with low AN-PGS/low obesity-PGS; this difference did not reach statistical significance. However, post-hoc comparisons suggest that females with high AN-PGS/low obesity-PGS did follow lower growth trajectories compared to those with high PGS for both traits. Conclusion: AN-PGS and obesity-PGS have detectable sex-dependent effects on a range of anthropometry trajectories. These findings encourage further research in understanding how the AN-PGS and the obesity-PGS co-influence growth during childhood in which the obesity-PGS can mitigate the effects of the AN-PGS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The impact of anorexia nervosa and BMI polygenic risk on childhood growth: a 20-year longitudinal population-based study

Abdulkadir

Hübel

Herle

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Body dissatisfaction and fear of becoming fat are key features of, and risk factors for, anorexia nervosa (AN) (APA, 2013; Stice & Desjardins, 2018; Stice, Marti, & Durant, 2011). Importantly, changes in these variables predict also treatment outcomes in AN (Calugi, El Ghoch, Conti, & Dalle Grave, 2018; Pellizzer, Waller, & Wade, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approach and avoidance bias for thin‐ideal and normal‐weight body shapes in anorexia nervosa

Brockmeyer

Burdenski

Anderle

et al. 2020

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

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Objective The two studies aimed to examine implicit affective evaluations of thin‐ideal and normal‐weight body shapes in women with anorexia nervosa (AN), taking identification with body shapes into account. Method In study 1, approach–avoidance bias for thin‐ideal and normal‐weight bodies was assessed in 40 women with AN and 40 healthy women by using an Approach‐Avoidance Task and female avatar bodies with a standard face as stimuli. In study 2, 39 women with AN and 38 healthy women underwent a similar task but identification with bodies was manipulated by presenting bodies once with the participant's own face and once with another woman's face. Results In study 1, patients with AN did not differ from healthy participants in their automatic approach–avoidance tendencies towards thin‐ideal and normal‐weight bodies. In study 2, no definite approach bias for a thin self and no avoidance bias for thin other women or for a normal‐weight self were found. However, as compared to healthy women, those with AN showed a less positive implicit evaluation of thin other women, and an implicit preference for thin bodies depicted as themselves over thin bodies depicted as another woman. Conclusions The findings suggest that intra‐sexual competition for being slim is increased in AN.

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“…One way to control these factors is by evaluating individuals at high risk for AN (30), since AN symptoms such as distorted body image (31) and deficits in set-shifting (30) frequently observed in patients with AN are also observed in these individuals. Investigation of high risk group for AN would provide valuable information about the risk factors and prevention programs for AN (32).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision-Making Deficits Are Associated With Learning Impairments in Female College Students at High Risk for Anorexia Nervosa: Iowa Gambling Task and Prospect Valence Learning Model

Kang²,

Kim

2019

Front. Psychiatry

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This study investigated deficits in decision-making ability in female college students at high risk for anorexia nervosa (AN) using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the prospect valence learning (PVL) model. Based on scores on the Korean version of the Eating Attitude Test-26 (KEAT-26), participants were assigned to either the high risk for AN group (n = 42) or the control group (n = 43). The high risk for AN group exhibited significantly lower total net scores and block net scores on the third, fourth, and fifth blocks of the IGT than the control group did. The high risk for AN group selected cards significantly more often from the disadvantageous A and B decks and less often from the advantageous D deck than the control group did. In addition, the block net scores of the high risk for AN group did not differ across the five blocks, whereas those of the control group increased as the trials progressed. There was a significant negative correlation between IGT total net score and total score on the KEAT−26. The high risk for AN group had significantly lower values than the control group on the learning and response consistency parameters of the PVL model. These results indicate that female college students at high risk for AN have deficits in decision-making ability, and that these deficits are related to difficulties in remembering experience obtained from earlier trials and applying it to later trials. These difficulties further lead them to make decisions randomly.

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Interactions between risk factors in the prediction of onset of eating disorders: Exploratory hypothesis generating analyses

Cited by 69 publications

References 48 publications

The impact of anorexia nervosa and BMI polygenic risk on childhood growth: a 20-year longitudinal population-based study

The impact of anorexia nervosa and BMI polygenic risk on childhood growth: a 20-year longitudinal population-based study

Approach and avoidance bias for thin‐ideal and normal‐weight body shapes in anorexia nervosa

Decision-Making Deficits Are Associated With Learning Impairments in Female College Students at High Risk for Anorexia Nervosa: Iowa Gambling Task and Prospect Valence Learning Model

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