Interactions between nitric oxide, gibberellic acid, and phosphorus regulate primary root growth in Arabidopsis

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO), gibberellic acid (GA), and phosphorus (P) have been reported to regulate primary root (PR) growth, but interactions between them in the growth of Arabidopsis PR remain unknown. This work confirmed that low P availability significantly inhibited PR growth and that NO arrested PR growth in either high P or low P conditions. Moreover, NO counteracted the stimulatory effects of GA on PR growth under low P conditions. Finally, the dependence of low P and NO inhibition of PR growth on the DELLA-SLY pathway revealed that NO stabilized a major DELLA protein. We therefore conclude that antagonistic interactions between NO and GA regulate PR growth under both the high and low P conditions, and a DELLA-SLY module is the node where NO, GA, and P pathways converge and interact.

Cross Talk between Nitric Oxide and Phytohormones Regulate Plant Development during Abiotic Stresses

“…Contrary reports of Zhu et al [74] showed that GA mediated alleviation of Cd toxicity in Arabidopsis was linked to reduction of Cd-induced NO accumulation and suppression of up-regulation of IRT1. Antagonistic relationship between NO and GA was also reported by Wu et al [75] who noticed that NO accumulation inhibited the stimulatory efect of GA on primary root growth under low phosphorous (P) conditions. They suggested that GA interacts with NO and P pathways on DELLA-SLY module.…”

“…Therefore, it is concluded that NO cross talk with other hormones safeguards the quality of stored fruits and vegetables. Another study on NO revealed that it increases the expression of MaCAT, MaPOD, MaSOD, and MaAPX genes to alleviate damages caused by low temperature in banana (Wu et al [75]). In Elymus nutans, interaction between NO and 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) stimulated antioxidant defense to reduce chilling injury [130].…”

An Update on Nitric Oxide Production and Role Under Phosphorus Scarcity in Plants

“…In close connection with a global focus, P dynamic should also be studied at plant cellular and physiological levels. In this context, NO has influence on mechanisms which could increase soil exploration (Wu et al, 2014) and P availability (Ramos-Artuso et al, 2018), as well as mechanisms which could improve internal reutilization (Zhu et al, 2017). Thus, NO could be a key component in agro-ecosystem P flux interpretation, through modulation of P dynamics on plant physiological and plant-soil relationship levels.…”

“…The effect of NO on primary roots was described for tomato growing under sufficient nutrient conditions, where treatment with SNP (200 µM) strongly reduced primary root length, whose effect was reversed in the presence of NO scavenger cPTIO (Correa-Aragunde et al, 2004). In Arabidopsis, the inhibitory effect of exogenous NO treatment (SNP 10-100 µM) was observed for both P-sufficient and P-deprived plants (Wu et al, 2014). Even though the use of cPTIO confirmed a direct action of NO, there remained doubt as only the Fe-containing NO donor (SNP) was used as exogenous NO source (Wu et al, 2014).…”

Identification of nitric oxide responsive genes in the floral buds of Litchi chinensis

“…mechanism to hasten reproduction when a plant is subjected to an environmental stress has an evolutionary advantage to ensure the survival of the species under adverse conditions (Kocsy et al 2013). Nitric oxide (NO) has been proved to be involved in plant growth and development (Wu et al 2014). It is also well documented that stress induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO accumulation in plants (Dat et al 2000, Gould et al 2003.…”