Interactions Between Microbubbles and Ultrasound: In Vitro and In Vivo Observations

Wei, Kevin; Skyba, Danny M.; Firschke, Christian; Jayaweera, Ananda R.; Lindner, Jonathan R.; Kaul, Sanjiv

doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(97)00029-6

Cited by 278 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…107 Microbubbles, by acting as cavitation nuclei, may potentiate pore formation in cell membranes, thus facilitating the entry of plasmids into cells and their release from endosomes. 113 Our Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the proposed routes by which naked plasmid DNA is delivered to muscle fibres and transgene products are secreted into circulation. The route of endocytosis (a) is exemplified by lipoplex-mediated plasmid delivery whereas the route of passive entry (b) is by electroporation.…”

Section: Microbubbles and Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-viral gene delivery in skeletal muscle: a protein factory

Lu¹,

Bou‐Gharios²,

Partridge³

2003

Gene Ther

168

109

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Ever since the publication of the first reports in 1990 using skeletal muscle as a direct target for expressing foreign transgenes, an avalanche of papers has identified a variety of proteins that can be synthesized and correctly processed by skeletal muscle. The impetus to the development of such applications is not only amelioration of muscle diseases, but also a range of therapeutic applications, from immunization to delivery of therapeutic proteins, such as clotting factors and hormones. Although the most efficient way of introducing transgenes into muscle fibres has been by a variety of recombinant viral vectors, there are potential benefits in the use of non-viral vectors. In this review we assess the recent advances in construction and delivery of naked plasmid DNA to skeletal muscle and highlight the options available for further improvements to raise efficiency to therapeutic levels.

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Section: Microbubbles and Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-viral gene delivery in skeletal muscle: a protein factory

Lu¹,

Bou‐Gharios²,

Partridge³

2003

Gene Ther

168

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…[4][5][6][7][8] We have recently shown that exposure of microbubbles to ultrasound results in their destruction. 9 This effect could be related to the induction of nonlinear oscillations in the microbubbles or represent a nonspecific effect related to the acoustic power. Regardless of the exact mechanism of ultra-sound-induced microbubble destruction, the acoustic emissions from oscillating or imploding microbubbles contain harmonics of the frequency to which the bubbles were initially exposed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,11 Because harmonic signals emanate mostly from bubbles rather than tissue, selective reception of these signals results in an increased signal-to-noise ratio. 4,5,9,12 For this study, we hypothesized that ultrasound-induced destruction of intravenously delivered bubbles can be used to quantify myocardial perfusion. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and measurement of their reappearance rate will provide a measure of mean myocardial microbubble velocity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Myocardial Blood Flow With Ultrasound-Induced Destruction of Microbubbles Administered as a Constant Venous Infusion

et al. 1998

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Background-Ultrasound can cause microbubble destruction. If microbubbles are administered as a continuous infusion, then their destruction within the myocardium and measurement of their myocardial reappearance rate at steady state will provide a measure of mean myocardial microbubble velocity. Conversely, measurement of their myocardial concentration at steady state will provide an assessment of microvascular cross-sectional area. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) can then be calculated from the product of the two. Methods and Results-Ex vivo and in vitro experiments were performed in which either flow was held constant and pulsing interval (interval between microbubble destruction and replenishment) was altered, or vice versa. In vivo experiments were performed in 21 dogs. In group 1 dogs (nϭ7), MBF was mechanically altered in a model in which coronary blood volume was constant. In group 2 dogs (nϭ5), MBF was altered by direct coronary infusions of vasodilators. In group 3 dogs (nϭ9), non-flow-limiting coronary stenoses were created, and MBF was measured before and after the venous administration of a coronary vasodilator. In all experiments, microbubbles were delivered as a constant infusion, and myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed using different pulsing intervals. The myocardial video intensity versus pulsing interval plots were fitted to an exponential function: yϭA(1Ϫe Ϫ␤t ), where A is the plateau video intensity reflecting the microvascular cross-sectional area, and ␤ reflects the rate of rise of video intensity and, hence, microbubble velocity. Excellent correlations were found between flow and ␤, as well as flow and the product of A and ␤. Conclusions-MBF can be quantified with myocardial contrast echocardiography during a venous infusion of microbubbles.This novel approach has potential for measuring tissue perfusion in any organ accessible to ultrasound. (Circulation. 1998;97:473-483.)

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“…12,13 However, clinical application of MCE requires extensive expertise in imaging techniques and accurate image interpretation because there are multiple variables and artifacts that affect adequate imaging and interpretation of myocardial perfusion. [12][13][14][15][16] In this study, by using a continuous infusion of PESDA, images could be repeatedly obtained and optimized by minimizing motion or blooming artifacts, and the transducer position was adjusted to move the lateral or inferior wall toward the center of the sector. To differentiate true perfusion defects from artifacts, we systematically changed the triggering interval from 1:1 to 1:5 to 1:10, analyzed patterns of defects, and interpreted defects in the context of regional wall motion.…”

Section: Myocardial Contrast Echocardiographymentioning

confidence: 99%