Interactions between Medical Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds: Focus on Antimicrobial Combination Effects

Vaou, Natalia; Stavropoulou, Elisavet; Voidarou, C.; Tsakris, Zacharias; Rozos, Georgios; Tsigalou, Christina; Bezirtzoglou, Eugenia

doi:10.3390/antibiotics11081014

Cited by 74 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 153 publications

(197 reference statements)

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“…For example, species from genus Aconitum and Arisaema have both medicinal and poisonous species which is distinguished by the local people. Generally, medicinal plants contain bioactive compounds which demonstrate both intra- and inter-species variation in type and content ( Vaou et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity, distribution, and sustainability of traditional medicinal plants in Kaski district, western Nepal

Khakurel

Ahn²,

Cha³

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Medicinal plants are the primary source of traditional healthcare systems in many rural areas mostly in developing countries. This study aimed to document and analyze the diversity, distribution, and sustainability of the traditional medicinal plants used by the Gurung people of the Sikles region in western Nepal. Ethnobotanical data were collected through focus group discussions and individual interviews, and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Prior informed consent was obtained before each interview. Quantitative ethnobotanical indices such as informant consensus factor, relative frequency of citation, and use values were also calculated. A possible association among these indices was tested using correlation analysis. A total of 115 wild medicinal plant species belonging to 106 genera and 71 families were documented. Asteraceae and Rosaceae were the dominant families whereas herbs were the most dominant life form. Roots were the most used plant part, paste was the most common method of preparation, and most of the medical formulations were taken orally. The highest number of medicinal plants were used to treat stomach disorders. The average informant consensus value of 0.79 indicates a high consensus among respondents in selecting medicinal plants. Lindera neesiana, Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora, Paris polyphylla, and Bergenia ciliata were found to be high-ranking medicinal plants based on the relative frequency of citation and use value. The genders did not affect medicinal plants’ knowledge but age had a significant correlation. Most of the informants agreed that medicinal plants are under pressure due to overharvesting and a lack of proper forest management practices. The number of medicinal plants reported from the study area indicates that the Gurung people possess rich traditional knowledge, and the vegetation of the Sikles region constitutes rich diversity of medicinal plants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity, distribution, and sustainability of traditional medicinal plants in Kaski district, western Nepal

Khakurel

Ahn²,

Cha³

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Plant extract contains hundreds or even thousands of different bioactive molecules in variable concentrations that may contribute to its medicinal value. The interaction between these multiple compounds may be synergistic, additive or antagonistic, which may be responsible for the overall activity of the medicinal plant extract ( Vaou et al, 2022 ). L-DOPA was a predominant phytochemical in the seed extract of M. pruriens .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Mucuna pruriens on brain NMDA receptor and tau protein gene expression in cerebral ischemic rats

Parvatikar

Patil²,

Reddy³

et al. 2023

Front. Physiol.

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Present study aimed to assess effect of pre-treatment with Mucuna pruriens seed extract and its bioactive molecule(s) on NMDAR and Tau protein gene expression in cerebral ischemic rodent model. Methanol extract of M. pruriens seeds was characterized by HPLC, and β-sitosterol was isolated by flash chromatography. In vivo studies to observe the effect of pre-treatment (28 days) with methanol extract of M. pruriens seed and β-sitosterol on the unilateral cerebral ischemic rat model. Cerebral ischemia induced by left common carotid artery occlusion (LCCAO) for 75 min (on day 29) followed by reperfusion for 12 h. Rats (n = 48) divided into four groups. GroupI (control,Untreated + LCCAO)-No pre-treatment + cerebral ischemia; GroupII(β-sitosterol + Sham)-pre-treatment with β-sitosterol, 10 mg/kg/day + sham-operated; GroupIII(β-sitosterol + LCCAO)-pre-treatment with β-sitosterol, 10 mg/kg/day + cerebral ischemia; GroupIV(methanol extract + LCCAO)-pre-treatment with methanol extract of M. pruriens seeds, 50 mg/kg/day + cerebral ischemia. Neurological deficit score was assessed just before sacrifice. Experimental animals were sacrificed after 12 h reperfusion. Brain histopathology was performed. Gene expression of NMDAR and Tau protein of left cerebral hemisphere (occluded side) was performed by RT-PCR. Results revealed that the neurological deficit score was lower in groups III and IV compared to group I. NMDAR and tau protein mRNA expression in left cerebral hemisphere were upregulated in Group I, downregulated in groups III and IV. Histopathology of left cerebral hemisphere (occluded side) in Group I showed features of ischemic brain damage. Groups III and IV, left cerebral hemisphere showed less ischemic damage compared GroupI. Right cerebral hemisphere showed no areas of ischemia-induced brain changes. Pre-treatment with β-sitosterol and methanol extract of M. pruriens seeds may reduce ischemic brain injury following unilateral common carotid artery occlusion in rats.

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“…In the future, it will be important to optimize the methods for the extraction of the bioactive compounds from these herbs as it is possible that all the bioactive compounds are not fully extracted by our method. Further, it will be critical to test the medicinal values of purified bioactive compounds for potency as whole plant extract might have multiple bioactive compounds and many interactions might be occurring within bioactive compounds whole plant extract [35][36][37]. Additionally, whole plant extracts are often metabolized to other compounds in an organism, so you maybe be getting a very different compound exposure for a microbe [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data mining and experimental approaches to identify combination of natural herbs against bacterial infections

Mittal

Duncan²,

Chamberlin

2022

Preprint

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Various studies have identified that natural herbs can be repurposed to treat infectious and bacterial diseases. The purpose of this study is first to test the medicinal value of five herbs including asafoetida, cumin, fenugreek, neem, and turmeric as single agent and in pairs using the bacterial zone of inhibition assay. Second, we used target and network analyses to predict the best combinations. We found that all the herbs as single agent were effective against bacterial infection in the following descending order of efficacy: cumin > turmeric > neem > fenugreek > asafoetida as compared to vehicle (ethanol) treated control. Among all the tested combinations the turmeric and fenugreek combination had the best efficacy in inhibiting the bacterial growth. Next to understand the mechanism of action and to predict the effective combinations among available herbs, we used a data mining and computational analysis approach. Using NPASS, BindingDB, and pathway analysis tools, we identified the bioactive compounds for each herb, then identified the targets for each bioactive compound, and then identified associated pathways for these targets. Then we measured the target/pathway overlap for each herb and identified that the most effective combinations were those which have non-overlapping targets/pathways. For example, we showed as a proof-of-concept that turmeric and fenugreek have the least overlapping targets/pathways and thus is most effective in inhibiting bacteria growth. Our approach is applicable to treat bacterial infections and other human diseases such as cancer. Overall, the computational prediction along with experimental validation can help identify novel combinations that have significant antibacterial activity and may help prevent drug-resistant microbial diseases in human and plants.

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Interactions between Medical Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds: Focus on Antimicrobial Combination Effects

Cited by 74 publications

References 153 publications

Diversity, distribution, and sustainability of traditional medicinal plants in Kaski district, western Nepal

Diversity, distribution, and sustainability of traditional medicinal plants in Kaski district, western Nepal

Effect of Mucuna pruriens on brain NMDA receptor and tau protein gene expression in cerebral ischemic rats

Data mining and experimental approaches to identify combination of natural herbs against bacterial infections

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