Interactions between Host and Oral Commensal Microorganisms are Key Events in Health and Disease Status

Rouabhia, Mahmoud

doi:10.1155/2002/580476

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Host immunity is important in modulating the status of C. albicans in the organism (Klein et al, 1984, Rouabhia 2002Bahri et al, 2010). In this study, inducing the immunosuppression status promoted Candida infection, which concurs with previously reported studies (Lass-Flörl, 2010;Murchan et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of glucose supplementation on Candida albicans virulence in immunosuppressed Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus)

Noumi¹

2011

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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We investigated the effect of dietary carbohydrate supplementation on Candida albicans colonization using an animal model and a Candida strain with both high phospholipase and proteinase activity. Normal and immunosuppressed mice were inoculated intraperitonially with C. albicans and were allowed free access to drinking water supplemented or not with glucose. Blood and different organs including liver, spleen, lung and kidney were aseptically collected every 72 h post-infection. The presence and the growth of C. albicans in blood and each organ were investigated. We also performed histopathologic investigations on each organ to assess tissue structure, the presence of C. albicans, and its form (blastospore or hyphae). The results showed that on the third day post-inoculation, the cfu of C. albicans per organ was significantly higher in mice inoculated by C. albicans and receiving the glucose as supplement (433 cfu/liver) comparatively to the group receiving C. albicans only (140 cfu/liver). Histological analysis revealed the presence of Candida cells in blastospore and hyphal form, particularly in the Candida-infected glucose-supplemented mice whose livers displayed oedema and leukocyte infiltration with a high density of polymorphonuclear cells. Overall results indicate that dietary glucose supplementation leads to higher rates of Candida growth and invasion. This suggests that glucose restriction could be a possible way to control C. albicans pathogenesis in vivo.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of glucose supplementation on Candida albicans virulence in immunosuppressed Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus)

Noumi¹

2011

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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“…It is one of the main inflammation mediators (Groeger & Meyle, ) and is present at low levels in the gingival crevicular fluid in healthy patients (Darveau, ; Petkovic‐Curcin, Matic, Vojvodic, Stamatovic, & Todorovic, ). Probably, cytokines controlled by commensal bacteria are involved in limiting biofilm development and consequently in maintaining gingival health (Darveau, ; Dickinson et al, ; Rouabhia, ). After challenge with the A. actinomycetemcomitans biofilm, the levels of CXCL1, CXCL8, and CCL2 were lower than in the control (Figure ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commensal and pathogenic biofilms differently modulate peri‐implant oral mucosa in an organotypic model

Ingendoh-Tsakmakidis

Mikolai

Winkel

et al. 2019

Cellular Microbiology

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The impact of oral commensal and pathogenic bacteria on peri‐implant mucosa is not well understood, despite the high prevalence of peri‐implant infections. Hence, we investigated responses of the peri‐implant mucosa to Streptococcus oralis or Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilms using a novel in vitro peri‐implant mucosa‐biofilm model. Our 3D model combined three components, organotypic oral mucosa, implant material, and oral biofilm, with structural assembly close to native situation. S. oralis induced a protective stress response in the peri‐implant mucosa through upregulation of heat shock protein (HSP70) genes. Attenuated inflammatory response was indicated by reduced cytokine levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), interleukin‐8 (CXCL8), and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (CCL2). The inflammatory balance was preserved through increased levels of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α). A. actinomycetemcomitans induced downregulation of genes important for cell survival and host inflammatory response. The reduced cytokine levels of chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1), CXCL8, and CCL2 also indicated a diminished inflammatory response. The induced immune balance by S. oralis may support oral health, whereas the reduced inflammatory response to A. actinomycetemcomitans may provide colonisation advantage and facilitate later tissue invasion. The comprehensive characterisation of peri‐implant mucosa‐biofilm interactions using our 3D model can provide new knowledge to improve strategies for prevention and therapy of peri‐implant disease.

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“…It is known that mucosal surfaces are the main barriers to the environment [14]. The most important, the oral mucosa, is considered to be one of the effective hindrances to the outside world and also an immunological and biochemical organ [15]. As described by Pennisi the human mouth is a portal of entry for pathogen to the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, and it is very important to understand the constitution and dynamics of microbial communities reflecting the entire health status [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and functional analysis of salivary microflora of Indian Antarctic expeditionaries

Bhushan

Yadav

Singh

et al. 2019

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Introduction: The human oral microbiota continues to change phenotype by many factors (environment, diet, genetics, stress, etc.), throughout life with a major impact on human physiology, psychology, metabolism and immune system. Amongst one such factor with unique and extreme environmental conditions is Antarctica. The sea voyage to Antarctica has many risks than at station for expedition members. In this study, we investigated the influence of Antarctic sea voyage and stay at the Indian Antarctic station Maitri, on the health of Indian expedition members by using a metagenomic approach to explore oral biodiversity. Methods: Saliva samples were collected from 12 expedition members, at 3 different time points viz. before the start of the ship voyage, after the completion of the voyage and at the end of the stay at Antarctica. Samples were analyzed for whole genome and 16S rRNA sequencing. Result: The oral microbial diversity of the expedition members was significantly changed, during the days of sailing and after the stay at Antarctica. The oral microbiota comprised mainly of the phyla Firmicutes (46%, 29% & 36%); Proteobacteria (40%, 48%, & 44%), Bacteroidetes (10%, 22%, &14%), Fusobacterium and Actinobacteria (5%-1%) and Unclassified (17%, 25% & 23%), at three time points, respectively. Further, the differential analysis of microbes across all the phyla revealed 89, 157 and 157 OTUs genera. The altered microbiota indicated changes in amino acid, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusion: Study suggests that understanding the compositional and functional differences in the oral microbiota of Antarctic expedition members, can lay the foundation to relate these differences to their health status. It will further demonstrate the need for providing improved management during ship voyage and stay in Antarctica.

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Interactions between Host and Oral Commensal Microorganisms are Key Events in Health and Disease Status

Cited by 19 publications

References 49 publications

Effect of glucose supplementation on Candida albicans virulence in immunosuppressed Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus)

Effect of glucose supplementation on Candida albicans virulence in immunosuppressed Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus)

Commensal and pathogenic biofilms differently modulate peri‐implant oral mucosa in an organotypic model

Diversity and functional analysis of salivary microflora of Indian Antarctic expeditionaries

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