Interactions Between Facultative Symbionts Hamiltonella and Cardinium in Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodoidea): Cooperation or Conflict?

Zhao, Defang; Hoffmann, Ary A.; Zhang, Zhichun; Niu, Hongtao; Guo, Huifang

doi:10.1093/jee/toy261

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Consequently, in whitefly adults, Cardinium scattered outside the bacteriocyte can be removed by ampicillin. Another interesting finding in our study was that the infection frequencies of Hamiltonella in lines HC and HR decreased more rapidly than that in line H. According to our previous studies related to symbionts interactions, this phenomena may be due to Hamiltonella density in multiply infected whiteflies was markedly lower than that in singly infected ones (Zhao et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…Multiple endosymbionts commonly co-exist in the same host whitefly (Guo et al, 2014;Zhao et al, 2018). In order to explore the biological roles of the individual symbionts in such complex systems, experimental techniques for enabling the selective removal of a specific symbiont from the host are in great demand.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, facultative symbionts are not strictly required for host survival. They exist stably in host populations by providing diverse ecological effects to their hosts, including reproductive manipulation, fitness benefits or protection from environmental stressor (Brownlie & Johnson, 2009;Flórez et al, 2015;Zhao et al, 2018). Unfortunately, most of the endosymbionts in arthropods cannot be cultivated in vitro.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hamiltonella was the most common symbiont in B. tabaci MED, while Rickettsia and Cardinium are usually found to co-exist with Hamiltonella. Double infections with Hamiltonella-Cardinium and Hamiltonella-Rickettsia are both the predominant multiple infection patterns (Pan et al, 2012a, b;Guo et al, 2014;Zhao et al, 2018). In this complex system, selective elimination using different antibiotics has proved to be a powerful tool in exploring the ecological roles played by individual symbionts (Leonardo, 2004;Sakurai et al, 2005;Koga et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective and stable elimination of endosymbionts from multiple‐infected whitefly Bemisia tabaci by feeding on a cotton plant cultured in antibiotic solutions

et al. 2019

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The maternally heritable endosymbiont provides many ecosystem functions. Antibiotic elimination of a specific symbiont and establishment of experimental host lines lacking certain symbionts enable the roles of a given symbiont to be explored. The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in China harbors obligate symbiont Portiera infecting each individual, as well as facultative symbionts, such as Hamiltonella, Rickettsia and Cardinium, with co‐infections occurring relatively frequently. So far no studies have evaluated the selectivity and efficacy of a specific symbiont elimination using antibiotics in whiteflies co‐infected with different symbionts. Furthermore, no success has been achieved in establishing certain symbiont‐free B. tabaci lines. In this study, we treated Hamiltonella‐infected B. tabaci line, Hamiltonella‐Rickettsia‐co‐infected line and Hamiltonella‐Cardinium co‐infected line by feeding B. tabaci adults with cotton plants cultured in water containing rifampicin, ampicillin or a mixture of them, aiming to selectively curing symbiont infections and establishing stable symbiont‐free lines. We found ampicillin selectively eliminated Cardinium without affecting Portiera, Hamiltonella and Rickettsia, although they coexisted in the same host body. Meanwhile, all of the symbionts considered in our study can be removed by rifampicin. The reduction of facultative symbionts occurred at a much quicker pace than obligate symbiont Portiera during rifampicin treatment. Also, we measured the stability of symbiont elimination in whitefly successive generations and established Rickettsia‐infected and Cardinium‐infected lines which are absent in natural populations. Our results provide new protocols for selective elimination of symbionts co‐existing in a host and establishment of different symbiont‐infected host lines.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective and stable elimination of endosymbionts from multiple‐infected whitefly Bemisia tabaci by feeding on a cotton plant cultured in antibiotic solutions

et al. 2019

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“…In pea aphids, the density of the primary symbiont Buchnera aphidicola is depressed when the insect is co-infected with Serratia symbiotica (Koga, R. et al (2003) or Rickettsia (Sakurai, M. et al, 2005). An antagonistic interaction between Hamiltonella and Cardinium has also been found in Bemisia tabaci, and the density of Cardinium increased across time and led to a decrease of Hamiltonella density (Zhao et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Interaction of Arsenophonus with Wolbachia in Nilaparvata lugens

Guo

Wang

Niu

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Co-infection of endosymbionts in the same host is ubiquitous, and the interactions of the most common symbiont Wolbachia with other symbionts, including Spiroplasma et al., in invertebrate organisms have received increasing attention. However, the interactions between Wolbachia and Arsenophonus, another widely distributed symbiont in nature, are poorly understood. We tested the co-infection of Wolbachia and Arsenophonus in different populations of Nilaparvata lugens and investigated whether co-infection affected the population size of the symbionts in their host. Results A significant difference was observed in the co-infection incidence of Wolbachia and Arsenophonus among 5 populations of N. lugens from China, with nearly half of the individuals in the Zhenjiang population harbouring the two symbionts simultaneously, and the rate of occurrence was significantly higher than that of the other 4 populations. The Arsenophonus density in the superinfection line was significantly higher only in the Maanshan population compared with that of the single-infection line. Differences in the density of Wolbachia and Arsenophonus were found in all the tested double-infection lines, and the dominant symbiont species varied with the population only in the Nanjing population, with Arsenophonus the overall dominant symbiont. Conclusions Wolbachia and Arsenophonus could coexist in N. lugens, and the co-infection incidence varied with the geographic populations. Antagonistic interactions were not observed between Arsenophonus and Wolbachia, and the latter was the dominant symbiont in most populations.

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First evidence for thermal tolerance benefits of the bacterial symbiont Cardinium in an invasive whitefly, Bemisia tabaci

Yang

Yuan

Liu

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUD Cardinium symbiont is a maternally inherited bacterial endosymbiont and widely spreads in arthropods including Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). However, the potential role of Cardinium played in the biology of their hosts is largely unknown. In two genetic lines (i.e. LS and SG lines) of B. tabaci MED, collected from different locations in China, we tested the effects of Cardinium on the performance of the host whitefly under a constant high temperature (31 °C) using the age‐stage two‐sex life table method, and explored the genes influenced by Cardinium‐infection by RNA‐sequencing. RESULTS We found that Cardinium did provide protection of B. tabaci against heat stress under 31 °C. However, there was a significant connection between Cardinium‐infection and whitefly genetic backgrounds. Performance revealed that Cardinium infection can increase the longevity of both female and male adults and oviposition periods in both lines, but it also conferred benefits of fecundity and pre‐adult period to LS line. Additionally, the population parameters such as intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ) and mean generation time (T) demonstrated that Cardinium infection conferred fitness benefits to LS line but not to SG line. Transcriptome analysis indicated that several genes related to homeostasis and metamorphosis such as ubiquitin‐related genes were highly expressed in Cardinium‐infected B. tabaci. CONCLUSION The research provided the first evidence that Cardinium can increase the thermal tolerance of whitefly, which may be associated with host genetic background.

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Interactions Between Facultative Symbionts Hamiltonella and Cardinium in Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodoidea): Cooperation or Conflict?

Cited by 19 publications

References 59 publications

Selective and stable elimination of endosymbionts from multiple‐infected whitefly Bemisia tabaci by feeding on a cotton plant cultured in antibiotic solutions

Selective and stable elimination of endosymbionts from multiple‐infected whitefly Bemisia tabaci by feeding on a cotton plant cultured in antibiotic solutions

Interaction of Arsenophonus with Wolbachia in Nilaparvata lugens

First evidence for thermal tolerance benefits of the bacterial symbiont Cardinium in an invasive whitefly, Bemisia tabaci

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