Interactions between cognition and circadian rhythms: Attentional demands modify circadian entrainment.

Gritton, Howard J.; Sutton, Blair C.; Martı́nez, Vicente; Sarter, Martin; Lee, Theresa

doi:10.1037/a0017128

Cited by 37 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The last 9 d of Figure 4 show the last 2 d of SAT training after animals reached criterion and the first 7 d of activity under conditions of total darkness after training had stopped. The presence of activity at the time of day that training would have normally occurred under conditions of total darkness (DD) confirms that training on the SAT produces a stable circadian relationship for the zeitgeber event (i.e., SAT), as reported previously for light-phase-trained animals (Gritton et al 2009). Time histograms at the bottom of Figure 4 provide 10-d averages of the daily activity shown above for the baseline and SAT phases of training.…”

Section: Daily Sat Performance Entrains Activity Rhythms and Entrainmsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…We saw almost no effect of daily training on animals' activity rhythms, with only minor increases in daytime activity for ZT4-trained animals characteristic of the effects of handling alone (Gritton et al 2009;DL Hummer, JBJ Meixner, TM Lee, in prep.). While other experiments have demonstrated that entrainment produced by handling using procedures that are stressful (Hastings et al 1997) or evoke high levels of activity/arousal (Mrosovsky 1996), our water maze-trained animals showed lower overall levels of timed anticipatory activity than reported in these studies, suggesting water maze training in this study was minimally stressful.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…We had previously demonstrated that training on the SAT during the light-phase (ZT10) produces a robust and significant effect on the organization of locomotor behavior that persisted for several days following the cessation of training under conditions of total darkness (Gritton et al 2009). In addition, lesions of the basal forebrain cholinergic projections to the SCN prevent the diurnal phenotype associated with daily daytime SAT training (Gritton 2011) and provide evidence that cholinergic mechanisms associated with cognitive task performance contribute to entrainment of circadian rhythms for some stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bidirectional interactions between circadian entrainment and cognitive performance

Gritton

Kantorowski

Sarter³

et al. 2012

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Circadian rhythms influence a variety of physiological and behavioral processes; however, little is known about how circadian rhythms interact with the organisms' ability to acquire and retain information about their environment. These experiments tested whether rats trained outside their endogenous active period demonstrate the same rate of acquisition, daily performance, and remote memory ability as their nocturnally trained counterparts in tasks of sustained attention and spatial memory. Furthermore, we explored how daily task training influenced circadian patterns of activity. We found that rats demonstrate better acquisition and performance on an operant task requiring attentional effort when trained during the dark-phase. Time of day did not affect acquisition or performance on the Morris water maze; however, when animals were retested 2 wk after their last day of training, they showed better remote memory if training originally occurred during the dark-phase. Finally, attentional, but not spatial, task performance during the light-phase promotes a shift toward diurnality and the synchronization of activity to the time of daily training; this shift was most robust when the demands on the cognitive control of attention were highest. Our findings support a theory of bidirectional interactions between cognitive performance and circadian processes and are consistent with the view that the circadian abnormalities associated with shift-work, aging, and neuropsychiatric illnesses may contribute to the deleterious effects on cognition often present in these populations. Furthermore, these findings suggest that time of day should be an important consideration for a variety of cognitive tasks principally used in psychological and neuroscience research.

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Section: Daily Sat Performance Entrains Activity Rhythms and Entrainmsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bidirectional interactions between circadian entrainment and cognitive performance

Gritton

Kantorowski

Sarter³

et al. 2012

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“…Various studies have shown that AD may be associated with circadian rhythms (Gritton et al, 2009;Cochrane et al, 2012). Our previous studies confirmed AD patients exhibit disorders in the circadian rhythm of arterial blood pressure or thyroid-stimulating hormone levels; additionally, polymorphisms in the CLOCK gene, including rs4580704 C/G, rs1554483 G/C, and 3111T/C, were associated with the susceptibility to AD (Chen et al, 2013a,b,c,d;Yang et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Association between ARNTL (BMAL1) rs2278749 polymorphism T >C and susceptibility to Alzheimer disease in a Chinese population

Chen¹,

Peng²,

Cq³

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. In the present study, we examined whether the ARNTL (BMAL1) rs2278749 T/C polymorphism was associated with the susceptibility to Alzheimer disease (AD). This case-control study examined the genotypes of apolipoprotein E (APOE e4) and BMAL1 rs2278749 T/C using restriction fragment length polymorphism and the TaqMan assay, respectively. A total of 296 unrelated AD patients and 423 control subjects were included. Both in the entire sample and in APOE e4 non-carriers, the prevalence of T carriers in BMAL1 rs2278749 T/C in AD patients was significantly higher than that in control subjects (entire sample: χ 2 = 12.950, P < 0.0001; APOE e4 non-carriers: χ 2 = 13.094, P < 0.0001). Both in the entire sample and in APOE e4 non-carriers, the prevalence of TT genotypes 2278749 in AD patients was also significantly higher than that in control subjects (entire sample: χ 2 = 7.765, P = 0.024; APOE e4 non-carriers: χ 2 = 13.062, P < 0.0001). However, among APOE e4 carriers, the difference 18516 Q. Chen et al.©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (4): 18515-18522 (2015) in the prevalence of T carriers or TT genotypes in the BMAL1 rs2278749 T/C between patients and control subjects presents was not significant (T carriers: χ 2 = 0.078, P = 0.851 or TT genotypes: χ 2 = 2.576, P = 0.325). Among APOE e4 non-carriers, T carriers in the BMAL1 rs2278749 T/C were associated with a high susceptibility to AD, but among APOE e4 carriers, the association between AD and BMAL1 rs2278749 T/C was not significant.

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“…For a sustained attention task, repeated training out of phase with the animals' activity pattern in rats shifted and entrained circadian locomotor activity rhythms (Gritton et al 2009(Gritton et al , 2012(Gritton et al , 2013. Entrainment through this non-photic signal relied primarily upon basal forebrain cholinergic projections to the SCN (Gritton et al 2013).…”

Section: Circadian Dysfunction and Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrony and desynchrony in circadian clocks: impacts on learning and memory

Krishnan

Lyons

2015

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Circadian clocks evolved under conditions of environmental variation, primarily alternating light dark cycles, to enable organisms to anticipate daily environmental events and coordinate metabolic, physiological, and behavioral activities. However, modern lifestyle and advances in technology have increased the percentage of individuals working in phases misaligned with natural circadian activity rhythms. Endogenous circadian oscillators modulate alertness, the acquisition of learning, memory formation, and the recall of memory with examples of circadian modulation of memory observed across phyla from invertebrates to humans. Cognitive performance and memory are significantly diminished when occurring out of phase with natural circadian rhythms. Disruptions in circadian regulation can lead to impairment in the formation of memories and manifestation of other cognitive deficits. This review explores the types of interactions through which the circadian clock modulates cognition, highlights recent progress in identifying mechanistic interactions between the circadian system and the processes involved in memory formation, and outlines methods used to remediate circadian perturbations and reinforce circadian adaptation.Circadian clocks permit organisms to anticipate recurring daily environmental events through the coordination of metabolic, physiological, and behavioral rhythms. Conservation of the core principles through which circadian oscillators are organized across eukaryotic phyla suggests strong selective pressures for both circadian clocks and the mechanisms through which circadian oscillators operate. Intracellularly, transcription/translation feedback loops involving core circadian components set the stage for transcriptional regulation of thousands of genes in individual cells and tissues (Balsalobre et al.

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Interactions between cognition and circadian rhythms: Attentional demands modify circadian entrainment.

Cited by 37 publications

References 45 publications

Bidirectional interactions between circadian entrainment and cognitive performance

Bidirectional interactions between circadian entrainment and cognitive performance

Association between ARNTL (BMAL1) rs2278749 polymorphism T >C and susceptibility to Alzheimer disease in a Chinese population

Synchrony and desynchrony in circadian clocks: impacts on learning and memory

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