Interactions Between Clostridioides difficile and Fecal Microbiota in in Vitro Batch Model: Growth, Sporulation, and Microbiota Changes

Horvat, Sabina; Rupnik, Maja

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01633

Cited by 22 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“… 43 A prominent example of how low microbial diversity can negatively affect the gut microbial integrity is Clostridium difficile , for which in vitro studies have shown an increased growth in dysbiotic microbiota with low diversity. 44 In humans, this situation typically occurs after antibiotic administration, a risk factor for Clostridium difficile -associated colitis. A further protective factor of the faecal microbiome stability was preserved exocrine pancreatic function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term instability of the intestinal microbiome is associated with metabolic liver disease, low microbiota diversity, diabetes mellitus and impaired exocrine pancreatic function

Frost

Kacprowski

Rühlemann

et al. 2020

Gut

110

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ObjectiveThe intestinal microbiome affects the prevalence and pathophysiology of a variety of diseases ranging from inflammation to cancer. A reduced taxonomic or functional diversity of the microbiome was often observed in association with poorer health outcomes or disease in general. Conversely, factors or manifest diseases that determine the long-term stability or instability of the microbiome are largely unknown. We aimed to identify disease-relevant phenotypes associated with faecal microbiota (in-)stability.DesignA total of 2564 paired faecal samples from 1282 participants of the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) were collected at a 5-year (median) interval and microbiota profiles determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The changes in faecal microbiota over time were associated with highly standardised and comprehensive phenotypic data to determine factors related to microbiota (in-)stability.ResultsThe overall microbiome landscape remained remarkably stable over time. The greatest microbiome instability was associated with factors contributing to metabolic syndrome such as fatty liver disease and diabetes mellitus. These, in turn, were associated with an increase in facultative pathogens such as Enterobacteriaceae or Escherichia/Shigella. Greatest stability of the microbiome was determined by higher initial alpha diversity, female sex, high household income and preserved exocrine pancreatic function. Participants who newly developed fatty liver disease or diabetes during the 5-year follow-up already displayed significant microbiota changes at study entry when the diseases were absent.ConclusionThis study identifies distinct components of metabolic liver disease to be associated with instability of the intestinal microbiome, increased abundance of facultative pathogens and thus greater susceptibility toward dysbiosis-associated diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term instability of the intestinal microbiome is associated with metabolic liver disease, low microbiota diversity, diabetes mellitus and impaired exocrine pancreatic function

Frost

Kacprowski

Rühlemann

et al. 2020

Gut

110

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“…Lactobacillus and Veillonella were indeed directly positively linked in our network analysis. While increased relative abundance of Veillonella may be a result of intrinsic resistance to multiple antibiotics, a recent in vitro study showed that Veillonella increases when a dysbiotic microbiota is co-cultivated with C. difficile [43]. In addition, increased Veillonella abundance has been reported prior to CDI onset [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Bacterial Gut Microbiota of Adult Patients Infected, Colonized or Noncolonized by Clostridioides difficile

et al. 2020

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Gut microbiota composition in patients with Clostridioides difficile colonization is not well investigated. We aimed to identify bacterial signatures associated with resistance and susceptibility to C. difficile colonization (CDC) and infection (CDI). Therefore, gut microbiota composition from patients with CDC (n = 41), with CDI (n = 41), and without CDC (controls, n = 43) was determined through 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Bacterial diversity was decreased in CDC and CDI patients (p < 0.01). Overall microbiota composition was significantly different between control, CDC, and CDI patients (p = 0.001). Relative abundance of Clostridioides (most likely C. difficile) increased stepwise from controls to CDC and CDI patients. In addition, differential abundance analysis revealed that CDI patients’ gut microbiota was characterized by significantly higher relative abundance of Bacteroides and Veillonella than CDC patients and controls. Control patients had significantly higher Eubacterium hallii and Fusicatenibacter abundance than colonized patients. Network analysis indicated that Fusicatenibacter was negatively associated with Clostridioides in CDI patients, while Veillonella was positively associated with Clostridioides in CDC patients. Bacterial microbiota diversity decreased in both CDC and CDI patients, but harbored a distinct microbiota. Eubacterium hallii and Fusicatenibacter may indicate resistance against C. difficile colonization and subsequent infection, while Veillonella may indicate susceptibility to colonization and infection by C. difficile.

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“…and C. difficile abundances [25]. Indeed, as shown by a recent in vitro study, Veillonella increases when a dysbiotic microbiota is co-cultivated with C. difficile [26]. However, it remains unclear whether Veillonella has a direct role in CDI development, e.g., via biofilm formation, or whether it simply increases as a result of altered metabolic pathways and/or unoccupied niches in the gut due to antibiotic use or C. difficile expansion [24,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota in Clostridioides difficile-Associated Diarrhea: Comparison in Recurrent and Non-Recurrent Infections

et al. 2020

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Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, especially in hospitalized elderly patients, representing a global public health concern. Clinical presentations vary from mild diarrhea to severe pseudomembranous colitis that may progress to toxic megacolon or intestinal perforation. Antibiotic therapy is recognized as a risk factor and exacerbates dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota, whose role in CDI is increasingly acknowledged. A clinically challenging complication is the development of recurrent disease (rCDI). In this study, using amplicon metagenomics, we compared the fecal microbiota of CDI and rCDI patients (sampled at initial and recurrent episode) and of non-infected controls. We also investigated whether CDI severity relates to specific microbiota compositions. rCDI patients showed a significantly decreased bacterial diversity as compared to controls (p < 0.01). The taxonomic composition presented significant shifts: both CDI and rCDI patients displayed significantly increased frequencies of Firmicutes, Peptostreptococcaceae, Clostridium XI, Clostridium XVIII, and Enterococcaceae. Porphyromonadaceae and, within it, Parabacteroides displayed opposite behaviors in CDI and rCDI, appearing discriminant between the two. Finally, the second episode of rCDI was characterized by significant shifts of unclassified Clostridiales, Escherichia/Shigella and Veillonella. No peculiar taxa composition correlated with the severity of infection, likely reflecting the role of host-related factors in determining severity.

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Interactions Between Clostridioides difficile and Fecal Microbiota in in Vitro Batch Model: Growth, Sporulation, and Microbiota Changes

Cited by 22 publications

References 48 publications

Long-term instability of the intestinal microbiome is associated with metabolic liver disease, low microbiota diversity, diabetes mellitus and impaired exocrine pancreatic function

Long-term instability of the intestinal microbiome is associated with metabolic liver disease, low microbiota diversity, diabetes mellitus and impaired exocrine pancreatic function

The Bacterial Gut Microbiota of Adult Patients Infected, Colonized or Noncolonized by Clostridioides difficile

Microbiota in Clostridioides difficile-Associated Diarrhea: Comparison in Recurrent and Non-Recurrent Infections

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