Interactions between Carbon Nanomaterials and Biomolecules

Han, Xu; Li, Shanghao; Peng, Zhili; Al-Yuobi, Abdulrahman Obaid; Bashammakh, Abdulaziz S.; El-Shahawi, M.S.

doi:10.5650/jos.ess15248

Cited by 54 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…GO, as the oxidized form of graphene, has plenty of oxygen‐containing functionalities (i.e., carboxyl groups on the edges and hydroxyl groups and epoxies on the basal plane) while still maintains the similar atomically thin structure of graphene. Such difference in terms of the presence of oxygen‐containing functional groups provides GO with more active sites, compared to graphene, to interact with biomolecules and other nanomaterials via both covalent and noncovalent strategies . Studies have shown that GO is capable of supporting cell viability and promoting osteogenic differentiation due to its excellent ability to adhere cells and bind with biomolecules .…”

Section: Carbon‐based Nanomaterials For Bone Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Tissue Engineering via Carbon‐Based Nanomaterials

Peng

Zhao

Zhou

et al. 2020

Adv Healthcare Materials

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130

106

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Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has received significant attention due to its enormous potential in treating critical‐sized bone defects and related diseases. Traditional materials such as metals, ceramics, and polymers have been widely applied as BTE scaffolds; however, their clinical applications have been rather limited due to various considerations. Recently, carbon‐based nanomaterials attract significant interests for their applications as BTE scaffolds due to their superior properties, including excellent mechanical strength, large surface area, tunable surface functionalities, high biocompatibility as well as abundant and inexpensive nature. In this article, recent studies and advancements on the use of carbon‐based nanomaterials with different dimensions such as graphene and its derivatives, carbon nanotubes, and carbon dots, for BTE are reviewed. Current challenges of carbon‐based nanomaterials for BTE and future trends in BTE scaffolds development are also highlighted and discussed.

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Section: Carbon‐based Nanomaterials For Bone Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Tissue Engineering via Carbon‐Based Nanomaterials

Peng

Zhao

Zhou

et al. 2020

Adv Healthcare Materials

Self Cite

130

106

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“…Zeta potential measurements confirmed a high negative surface charge of GO used in this study. In addition, various oxygen groups distributed on the surface of GO platelets provide many more interaction sites between biomolecules, leading to the formation of covalent and non-covalent bonds [40]. Moreover, nanoparticles can disrupt the structure of the cell membrane, and thus disturb the function of enzymes associated with it [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Selected Carbon Nanostructures on the CYP2C9 Enzyme of the P450 Cytochrome

et al. 2019

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Carbon nanostructures have recently gained significant interest from scientists due to their unique physicochemical properties and low toxicity. They can accumulate in the liver, which is the main expression site of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. These enzymes play an important role in the metabolism of exogenous compounds, such as drugs and xenobiotics. Altered activity or expression of CYP450 enzymes may lead to adverse drug effects and toxicity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of three carbon nanostructures on the activity and expression at the mRNA and protein levels of CYP2C9 isoenzyme from the CYP2C subfamily: Diamond nanoparticles, graphite nanoparticles, and graphene oxide platelets. The experiments were conducted using two in vitro models. A microsome model was used to assess the influence of the three-carbon nanostructures on the activity of the CYP2C9 isoenzyme. The CYP2C9 gene expression at the mRNA and protein levels was determined using a hepatoma-derived cell line HepG2. The experiments have shown that all examined nanostructures inhibit the enzymatic activity of the studied isoenzymes. Moreover, a decrease in the expression at the mRNA and protein levels was also observed. This indicates that despite low toxicity, the nanostructures can alter the enzymatic function of CYP450 enzymes, and the molecular pathways involved in their expression.The liver is the main organ involved in biotransformation and the main expression site of enzymes from the cytochrome P450 family (CYP450). These enzymes constitute a large and multifunctional protein family, involved in many reactions related to the metabolism of exogenous compounds like xenobiotics and carcinogens. They also play a crucial role in the inactivation and activation of drugs [9]. CYP450 are monooxygenases, and they catalyze the incorporation of the oxygen atom to the substrate molecule with the simultaneous formation of a water molecule [10][11][12]. There are two phases of the biotransformation of drugs and xenobiotics in the human body. CYP450 enzymes play an important role in the course of the first-phase reactions. In these reactions, the introduction or unveiling of the -OH, -COOH, -SH, or -NH 2 functional groups occurs, which in turn, leads to an increase in the hydrophilicity of the drug/xenobiotic and allows second-phase reactions and consequently, expulsion from the body [13].One of the most important CYP450 subfamilies is the CYP2C subfamily, which metabolizes about 20% of all clinically used drugs and several endogenous compounds. Four isoenzymes are distinguished within this subfamily: 2C8, 2C9, 2C18, and 2C19 [14][15][16]. Of all the isoenzymes from the CYP2C subfamily, the CYP2C9 isoform is the most strongly expressed. It represents 50% of the entire subfamily and metabolizes about 15% of clinically used drugs, for example, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and diuretics [17,18]. As CYP enzymes are involved in the metabolism of exogenous compounds, their dysfunction may lead to slower elimination of dr...

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“…The predominant electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties of carbon had gained its attraction in various sectors. The widely used carbon-based nanomaterials employed in various energy and environment applications include fullerene and carbon dots of 0D configuration; single and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNT) of 1D configuration; graphene, graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) of 2D configuration [69]. Addition of small percent (~ 1 wt.%) of carbon nanomaterial to semiconductor photocatalysts can enhance their photoactive nature [70].…”

Section: Carbon-based Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on the progress of nanostructure materials for energy harnessing and environmental remediation

et al. 2018

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The nanostructured materials offer various advantages as they provide more flexible space for ease reconstruction, as their nanosize expands the limits and results in confinement effect, enhanced mechanical stability, and large surface area, and make them suitable for photocatalytic activities. The advancement in synthesis techniques provides the freedom to alter its physical properties as per the demand. This article provides a 360° view point on the nanomaterials which are used for solar energy harnessing with respect to environmental and energy application. The discussion emphasizes on various synthesis methods of nanostructured materials, their mechanistic features, usage in demanding applications such as photosplitting of water for hydrogen production, artificial photosynthesis, and water and wastewater treatment with an endnote highlighting the future scope of nanomaterials for real-world applications.

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Interactions between Carbon Nanomaterials and Biomolecules

Cited by 54 publications

References 55 publications

Bone Tissue Engineering via Carbon‐Based Nanomaterials

Bone Tissue Engineering via Carbon‐Based Nanomaterials

Influence of Selected Carbon Nanostructures on the CYP2C9 Enzyme of the P450 Cytochrome

A review on the progress of nanostructure materials for energy harnessing and environmental remediation

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