Interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal and non‐mycorrhizal plants: do non‐mycorrhizal species at both extremes of nutrient availability play the same game?

Lambers, Hans; Teste, François P.

doi:10.1111/pce.12117

Cited by 101 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Non-mycorrhizal species are relatively common in young landscapes on sites that contain the most exchangeable P, e.g., in Swedish rocky habitats [2]. These are referred to as the 'Brassicaceae type' [3], after a well-known non-mycorrhizal family. Conversely, on the world's most P-impoverished soils such as the sandplains in south-western Australia [4], the Cape Floristic Region in South Africa [4], and the campos rupestres in Brazil [5], non-mycorrhizal species are also very common.…”

Section: Strategies Of Phosphorus Acquisition In Mycorrhizal and Non-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In south-western Australia, their frequency increases with decreasing soil P concentration [6]. This group of non-mycorrhizal species is referred to as the 'Proteaceae type' [3], after a family common on severely P-impoverished soils in Australia and South Africa. In summary, non-mycorrhizal species occur at both ends of a soil fertility gradient.…”

Section: Strategies Of Phosphorus Acquisition In Mycorrhizal and Non-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strategies Of Phosphorus Acquisition In Mycorrhizal and Non-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In summary, non-mycorrhizal species occur at both ends of a soil fertility gradient. The Brassicaceae type is associated with fertile soils, whereas the Proteaceae type is found on severely P-impoverished soils [3].To understand why non-mycorrhizal species are common on severely P-impoverished soils requires knowledge about P in soil. Only some of this P is in the soil solution; the rest is adsorbed onto or absorbed by soil particles.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Plant adaptations to severely phosphorus-impoverished soils

Lambers

Martinoia

Renton

2015

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

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Mycorrhizas play a pivotal role in phosphorus (P) acquisition of plant roots, by enhancing the soil volume that can be explored. Non-mycorrhizal plant species typically occur either in relatively fertile soil or on soil with a very low P availability, where there is insufficient P in the soil solution for mycorrhizal hyphae to be effective. Soils with a very low P availability are either old and severely weathered or relatively young with high concentrations of oxides and hydroxides of aluminium and iron that sorb P. In such soils, cluster roots and other specialised roots that release P-mobilising carboxylates are more effective than mycorrhizas. Cluster roots are ephemeral structures that release carboxylates in an exudative burst. The carboxylates mobilise sparingly-available sources of soil P. The relative investment of biomass in cluster roots and the amount of carboxylates that are released during the exudative burst differ between species on severely weathered soils with a low total P concentration and species on young soils with high total P concentrations but low P availability. Taking a modelling approach, we explore how the optimal cluster-root strategy depends on soil characteristics, thus offering insights for plant breeders interested in developing crop plants with optimal cluster-root strategies. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi. 2015.04.002 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-121418 Accepted Version Originally published at: Lambers, Hans; Martinoia, Enrico; Renton, Michael (2015). Plant adaptations to severely phosphorusimpoverished soils. Current Opinion in Plant Biology,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31] AbstractMycorrhizas play a pivotal role in phosphorus (P) acquisition of plant roots, by enhancing the soil volume that can be explored. Non-mycorrhizal plant species typically occur either in relatively fertile soil or on soil with a very low P availability, where there is insufficient P in the soil solution for mycorrhizal hyphae to be effective. Soils with a very low P availability are either old and severely weathered or relatively young with high concentrations of oxides and hydroxides of aluminium and iron that sorb P. In such soils, cluster roots and other specialised roots that release P-mobilising carboxylates are more effective than mycorrhizas. Cluster roots are ephemeral structures that release carboxylates in an exudative burst. The carboxylates mobilise sparingly-available sources of soil P. The relative investment of biomass in cluster roots and the amount of carboxylates that are released during the exudative burst differ between species on severely weathered soils with a low total P concentration and species on young soils with high total P concentrations but low P availability. Taking a modelling approach, we explore how the optimal cluster-root strategy depends on soil characteristics, thus offering insights for plant breeders interested in developing crop plants with optimal cluster-root strat...

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Section: Strategies Of Phosphorus Acquisition In Mycorrhizal and Non-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strategies Of Phosphorus Acquisition In Mycorrhizal and Non-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strategies Of Phosphorus Acquisition In Mycorrhizal and Non-mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant adaptations to severely phosphorus-impoverished soils

Lambers

Martinoia

Renton

2015

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

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170

121

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“…Other non-mycorrhizal Embryophyta from highly derived vascular lineages (e.g. Brassicaceae, Proteaceae, Polygonaceae) tend to live in sites that are either rich in nutrients, or they are pioneers (and thus without fungal partners), or the live in extremely nutrient poor environments where they develop alternative strategies [51]. These plants use their roots to autonomously support their needs: this also happens in seedlings of Embryophyta, transiently after germination, before the first mycorrhizal colonization occurs.…”

Section: Conclusion: Phototrophy In Land Ecosystems a Matter Of Fungmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins of the terrestrial flora: A symbiosis with fungi?

Selosse

Strullu‐Derrien

2015

BIO Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Land phototrophs need to exploit both atmosphere (providing gas and light) and substrate (furnishing water and minerals). Yet, their algal ancestors were poorly preadapted to such a life at the interface. We review the paleontological evidence that fungal symbioses which can exploit substrate resources, helped adaptation to land constraints. Diverse structures dating back to the Devonian present convincing evidence for lichens, (symbioses between fungi and microscopic algae) but fossils remain scarce, so that early lichen abundance and ecological relevance remain questionable. Several enigmatic but abundant fossils from the Siluro-Devonian, such as Spongiophyton or the giant Prototaxites (Nematophytes), likely represent fungus-algal symbioses, which shaped early terrestrial ecosystems. Yet, these taxa are fully extinct, and do not have clear affinities with extant groups. Finally, terrestrialization of Embryophyta (land plants), which currently dominate land ecosystems, is linked to a symbiosis with Glomeromycetes. Today, these fungi form arbuscular mycorrhizae, which help most Embryophyta to exploit soil, and molecular data combined with paleontological evidence support the idea that this type of association is ancestral. The role of symbiotic Mucoromycetes during terrestrialization is not fully understood and mycorrhizal association diversified later in the evolution of Embryophyta. Fungal-algal symbioses thus recurrently contributed to terrestrialization of phototrophs.

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