Interactions between andesitic magma and poorly consolidated sediments: Examples in the neogene shirahama group, South Izu, Japan

Volcanism of the Palaeoproterozoic Bushveld Large Igneous Province: The Rooiberg Group, Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa

“…Unit 2 for location) (modified after Twist (1985) and Schweitzer et al (1995) Mingling of magma with poorly consolidated wet sediment, at the margins of intrusions (Kano, 1989;McPhie, 1996, 1998;Hanson and Hargrove, 1999) or bases of lavas (Schmincke, 1967;Hunns and McPhie, 1999 …”

“…In many cases, these sedimentation (e.g. Hanson and Schweickert, 1982;Einsele, 1986;Kano, 1989;Maas, 1992;Dadd and van Wagoner, 2002). peperites formed where lavas locally impinged on wet sedimentary environments.…”

Physical volcanology, stratigraphy, and lithogeochemistry of an archean volcanic arc :

“…These fluidal gabbro clasts are hosted in narrow zones of featureless, silicified tuff adjacent to bedded, fine-grained felsic tuffs (Figure 162). These zones probably represent intense fluidization due to heating of interstitial pore fluids (Kokelaar, 1982;Kano, 1989Kano, , 1991McPhie, 1993;Hanson and Hargrove, 1999;Dadd and Van Wagoner, 2002) during the initial injection of hot mafic magma (Figure 169). Subsequent passive mingling was possible due to fluid instabilities (Wohletz, 1983) together with contrasting densities (Kokelaar, 1982;McPhie, 1993;Donaire et al, 2002), whereby oscillations along the magma -host sediment interface may generate globules of fluidal magma (Busby-Spera and White, 1987).…”

Submarine eruption-fed and resedimented pumice-rich facies: the Dogashima Formation (Izu Peninsula, Japan)

“…Matsuzaki Formation (Kano 1983(Kano , 1989Tamura 1990Tamura , 1994) also attests to a submarine The Dogashima Formation is exposed over 1.5 km 2 and is 5 to >80 m thick, suggesting a 169 volume of at least ~10 7 m 3 ( Fig. 1).…”

“…Most lavas and intrusions range in 146 composition from basaltic andesite to dacite; basalt and rhyolite are rare (Tamura 1994). This 147 group is thought to include the products of at least six scattered and overlapping eruption 148 centres (Sawamura et al 1970; Kano 1983Kano , 1989Yamada and Sakaguchi 1987).…”