Interactions between Air Pollution and Terrestrial Ecosystems: Perspectives on Challenges and Future Directions

He, Cenlin; Clifton, Olivia; Felker‐Quinn, Emmi; Fulgham, S. Ryan; Calahorrano, Julieta F. Juncosa; Lombardozzi, Danica; Purser, Gemma; Riches, Mj; Schwantes, Rebecca H.; Tang, Wenfu; Poulter, Benjamin; Steiner, Allison L.

doi:10.1175/bams-d-20-0066.1

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(96 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Land‐atmosphere exchanges of reactive gases play an important role in our earth system, influencing tropospheric chemistry, climate, and ecosystems (Arneth et al., 2011; Barth et al., 2005; Farmer & Riches, 2020; Fowler et al., 2009; He et al., 2021; Steiner, 2020). For example, emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) from vegetation contribute to the formation of tropospheric ozone and secondary organic aerosol, both air pollutants and short‐lived climate forcers (Fehsenfeld et al., 1992; Fiore et al., 2012; Hallquist et al., 2009; Henze & Seinfeld, 2006; Trainer et al., 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Eddy Simulation for Investigating Coupled Forest Canopy and Turbulence Influences on Atmospheric Chemistry

Clifton

Patton

Wang

et al. 2022

J Adv Model Earth Syst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exchanges of reactive gases between forests and the atmosphere influence tropospheric chemistry, climate, and ecosystems. Chemistry inside canopies can alter these exchanges yet understanding of the chemistry and processes influencing the chemistry is incomplete. Previous work prioritizes complex chemical mechanisms over micrometeorology in the multilayer models of forests used to understand in-canopy chemistry and its impacts. Instead, here we use a new simplified chemical mechanism and resolve turbulence in a multilayer canopy model. Specifically, we describe a new version of the National Center for Atmospheric Research large eddy simulation (LES) coupled to both a multilayer canopy model and a chemical mechanism. The mechanism has 41 reactions and 19 gases for ozone, NO x (=NO + NO 2 ), HO x (=OH + HO 2 ), and isoprene chemistry. We evaluate the mechanism against two more complex mechanisms using box modeling. We configure the LES for a temperate deciduous forest and summer midday weak-wind buoyancy-forced conditions. The multilayer canopy model necessitates estimates of reactant sources and sinks at each canopy level, and thus we describe multilayer parameterizations for dry deposition and biogenic emissions. For the first time with an LES coupled to both a multilayer canopy and chemistry, we demonstrate variability in chemical reactions due to turbulence-induced segregation of reactants inside and just above the canopy. For the cases examined here, in-canopy segregation alters reaction rates that only consider well-mixed conditions by up to −48% to +23%. For many reactions, segregation is stronger when soil NO emissions reflect the upper bound of observed values for temperate forests.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large Eddy Simulation for Investigating Coupled Forest Canopy and Turbulence Influences on Atmospheric Chemistry

Clifton

Patton

Wang

et al. 2022

J Adv Model Earth Syst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Modeling studies estimated that O 3 damage reduces global GPP by 1.5 %-3.6 % with regional maximum reductions of 8 %-20 % over eastern US, western Europe, and eastern China (Yue and Unger, 2014;Lei et al, 2020;Zhu et al, 2021). In turn, vegetation damage also influences both the sources and sinks of O 3 through biogeochemical and biogeophysical feedbacks (Curci et al, 2009;Heald and Geddes, 2016;Fitzky et al, 2019). The damaged vegetation decreases isoprene emissions and stomatal conductance (Wittig et al, 2009;Feng et al, 2019), which influence O 3 production and Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect contributions of global fires to surface ozone through ozone–vegetation feedback

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Fire is an important source of ozone (O3) precursors. The formation of surface O3 can cause damage to vegetation and reduce stomatal conductance. Such processes can feed back to inhibit dry deposition and indirectly enhance surface O3. Here, we apply a fully coupled chemistry–vegetation model to estimate the indirect contributions of global fires to surface O3 through O3–vegetation feedback during 2005–2012. Fire emissions directly increase the global annual mean O3 by 1.2 ppbv (5.0 %) with a maximum of 5.9 ppbv (24.4 %) averaged over central Africa by emitting a substantial number of precursors. Considering O3–vegetation feedback, fires additionally increase surface O3 by 0.5 ppbv averaged over the Amazon in October, 0.3 ppbv averaged over southern Asia in April, and 0.2 ppbv averaged over central Africa in April. During extreme O3–vegetation interactions, such a feedback can rise to >0.6 ppbv in these fire-prone areas. Moreover, large ratios of indirect-to-direct fire O3 are found in eastern China (3.7 %) and the eastern US (2.0 %), where the high ambient O3 causes strong O3–vegetation interactions. With the likelihood of increasing fire risks in a warming climate, fires may promote surface O3 through both direct emissions and indirect chemistry–vegetation feedbacks. Such indirect enhancement will cause additional threats to public health and ecosystem productivity.

show abstract

“… 42 ) could drive a more realistic understanding of how China’s rapid emission variations modify plant productivity and terrestrial carbon balance. These feedback processes parameterized in models are still subject to considerable uncertainties, which call for integrated long-term observations of air pollution–terrestrial interactions 43 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected response of nitrogen deposition to nitrogen oxide controls and implications for land carbon sink

Liu

Shang

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Terrestrial ecosystems in China receive the world’s largest amount of reactive nitrogen (N) deposition. Recent controls on nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) emissions in China to tackle air pollution are expected to decrease N deposition, yet the observed N deposition fluxes remain almost stagnant. Here we show that the effectiveness of NOx emission controls for reducing oxidized N (NOy = NOx + its oxidation products) deposition is unforeseen in Eastern China, with one-unit reduction in NOx emission leading to only 55‒76% reductions in NOy-N deposition, as opposed to the high effectiveness (around 100%) in both Southern China and the United States. Using an atmospheric chemical transport model, we demonstrate that this unexpected weakened response of N deposition is attributable to the enhanced atmospheric oxidizing capacity by NOx emissions reductions. The decline in N deposition could bear a penalty on terrestrial carbon sinks and should be taken into account when developing pathways for China’s carbon neutrality.

show abstract

Interactions between Air Pollution and Terrestrial Ecosystems: Perspectives on Challenges and Future Directions

Abstract: Capsule Summary We present perspectives on current challenges and recommendations for future directions to advance predictive ability of interactions between air pollution and terrestrial ecosystems and impacts on human and Earth systems.

Cited by 15 publications

References 98 publications

Large Eddy Simulation for Investigating Coupled Forest Canopy and Turbulence Influences on Atmospheric Chemistry

Large Eddy Simulation for Investigating Coupled Forest Canopy and Turbulence Influences on Atmospheric Chemistry

Indirect contributions of global fires to surface ozone through ozone–vegetation feedback

Unexpected response of nitrogen deposition to nitrogen oxide controls and implications for land carbon sink

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About