StatementHere we show that Ca 2+ and H + transport across the vacuole membrane is reciprocally regulated and that it is linked to the production of Phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphoshpate.
ABSTRACTYeast vacuoles are acidified by the V-ATPase, a protein complex comprised of the membrane embedded VO complex and the soluble cytoplasmic V1 complex. The assembly of the V1-VO holoenzyme is required for the transfer of H + into the vacuole lumen for acidification. The assembly of the V1-VO holoenzyme is stabilized by the lipid phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphospate (PI(3,5)P2) made by the PI3P 5-kinase Fab1/PIKfyve. The absence of PI(3,5)P2 leads to the dissociation of the V1 complex from the membrane. Separately, PI(3,5)P2 has been shown to modulate Ca 2+ transport across the vacuole membrane during fission and fusion. Here we examined whether the regulation of H + and Ca 2+ by PI(3,5)P2 are interdependent. We show that modulating extraluminal Ca 2+ concentrations inhibit V-ATPase activity. As extraluminal CaCl2 levels are raised, the activity of H + pumping is reduced. Conversely, chelating free Ca 2+ with EGTA stimulated vacuole acidification. Not only did Ca 2+ levels affect H + translocation, we also show that blocking V-ATPase activity inhibited Ca 2+ transport into the vacuole lumen. Together, these data illustrate that Ca 2+ transport and V-ATPase regulation are interconnected through the modulation of vacuolar lipid profiles.
Abbreviations: AO, acridine orange; DAG, diacylglycerol; FCCP, Carbonyl cyanide-4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone; PA, phosphatidic acid; PI, phosphatidylinositol; PI3P, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate; PI(3,5)P2, phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate; PKC, protein kinase C; PLC, phospholipase C; SNARE, soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor; TRP, transient receptor potential; YPD, yeast extract, peptone, dextrose. Miner et al. -Reciprocal regulation of V-ATPase and Ca 2+ transport