Interaction of Streptococcus Mutans Glucosyltransferases with Antibodies

Kuramitsu, Howard K.; Ingersoll, L

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-3369-2_82

Cited by 18 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Dental plaque formation is decreased by prior treatment with dextranase (17)(18)(19)42), by growth in low sucrose supplemented media (11), by mutants lacking the ability to synthesize dextran (44), and by antibody directed toward whole organisms or glucosyltransferases (44,45), the enzymes responsible for dextran synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial adherence in the pathogenesis of endocarditis. Interaction of bacterial dextran, platelets, and fibrin.

Scheld¹,

Valone²,

Sande³

1978

J. Clin. Invest.

233

142

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A B S T R A C T The role of' dextrani in the pathogeniesis of' bacterial endocarditis was investigated by studying the adhereniee of' dextran producing oral streptococci to the constituenits of' nonl)acterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) in vitro and in vivo. The adherence of' Streptococcus saniguis to fibrin and platelets was determinedl in an in vitro assay system simulating non-I)acterial thrombotic endocarditis. Adherence was increased when the organismiis were grown in sucrosesuipplemented media (adherence ratio x 104, 177+6 in 5% suicrose vs. 140±7 in 0.5% sucrose, P < 0.001), and decreased by incubating the organisms in dextranase (adherence ratio x 104, 117+ 16, P < 0.001), an effect which was nullified by heat inactivating this enzyme (adherence ratio x 104, 192+7, P < 0.001). The amount of dextran produced in broth by three different oral streptococci correlated directly with the adherence observed to fibrin and a fibrin-platelet matrix in vitro (P < 0.001). These organisms adhered more readily to a fibrin-platelet matrix than to fibrin alone (adherence ratio x 104, 455±30 vs. 177±6, respectively, P < 0.001).The role of dextran formation was also examined in vivo in rabbits with preexisting NBTE. After injection of 107 S. sangguis, 12 of 17 animals developed endocarditis. In contrast, when the organisms were pretreated with dextranase (an enzyme that removes dextran from the bacterial cell surface), the same inoculum resulted in endocarditis in only 5 of' 19 animals (P < 0.05). In addition, a fresh strain of' S. sanguis that produiced high levels of dextran (1,220+50 ,Ag/ml) and adhered avidly to fibrin (adherence ratio x 104, 220 ±11) prodtuced endocarditis in 12 of' 18 rabbits after injection of 107 organisms. Another isolate of the same

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial adherence in the pathogenesis of endocarditis. Interaction of bacterial dextran, platelets, and fibrin.

Scheld¹,

Valone²,

Sande³

1978

J. Clin. Invest.

233

142

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“…The effects of specific antibodies on the activity of Gtfs and structure of the product glucan have received some attention [Kuramitsu and Ingersoll, 1978b; Kopec et al, 2002]. Interpretation of earlier data is often difficult because in many instances, nondetermined mixtures of Gtfs have been used in the assay or in the preparation of antibodies.…”

Section: Inhibition Of Gtfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was also noted that antibodies effective against GtfB and GtfC in solution had significantly less effect when the enzymes were adsorbed to a surface which suggests that the antibody was not directed against the active site. Antibodies to GtfD were without effect on the activity of GtfB or GtfC [Kuramitsu and Ingersoll, 1978b]. …”

Section: Inhibition Of Gtfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology of <i>Streptococcus mutans-</i>Derived Glucosyltransferases: Role in Extracellular Matrix Formation of Cariogenic Biofilms

Bowen

Koo²

2011

Caries Res

872

1,016

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The importance of Streptococcus mutans in the etiology and pathogenesis of dental caries is certainly controversial, in part because excessive attention is paid to the numbers of S. mutans and acid production while the matrix within dental plaque has been neglected. S. mutans does not always dominate within plaque; many organisms are equally acidogenic and aciduric. It is also recognized that glucosyltransferases from S. mutans (Gtfs) play critical roles in the development of virulent dental plaque. Gtfs adsorb to enamel synthesizing glucans in situ, providing sites for avid colonization by microorganisms and an insoluble matrix for plaque. Gtfs also adsorb to surfaces of other oral microorganisms converting them to glucan producers. S. mutans expresses 3 genetically distinct Gtfs; each appears to play a different but overlapping role in the formation of virulent plaque. GtfC is adsorbed to enamel within pellicle whereas GtfB binds avidly to bacteria promoting tight cell clustering, and enhancing cohesion of plaque. GtfD forms a soluble, readily metabolizable polysaccharide and acts as a primer for GtfB. The behavior of soluble Gtfs does not mirror that observed with surface-adsorbed enzymes. Furthermore, the structure of polysaccharide matrix changes over time as a result of the action of mutanases and dextranases within plaque. Gtfs at distinct loci offer chemotherapeutic targets to prevent caries. Nevertheless, agents that inhibit Gtfs in solution frequently have a reduced or no effect on adsorbed enzymes. Clearly, conformational changes and reactions of Gtfs on surfaces are complex and modulate the pathogenesis of dental caries in situ, deserving further investigation.

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“…eDNA and LTA could help in the construction of the ECM by increasing the synthesis of glucan (Kuramitsu et al 1980; Ciardi et al 1981; Chiu and Baker 1994), and promoting microbial adhesion to surfaces (Ciardi et al 1977; Gross et al 2001; Das et al 2010). eDNA from S. mutans is a byproduct of autolysis and can also be actively secreted via microvesicles (Perry et al 2009; Liao et al 2014), while LTA could be released to the ECM during cell lysis and cell wall remodeling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular DNA and lipoteichoic acids interact with exopolysaccharides in the extracellular matrix of Streptococcus mutans biofilms

et al. 2017

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Streptococcus mutans -derived exopolysaccharides are virulence determinants in the matrix of biofilms that cause caries. Extracellular DNA (eDNA) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) are found in cariogenic biofilms, but their functions are unclear. Therefore, strains of S. mutans carrying single deletions that would modulate matrix components were used: eDNA – ΔlytS and ΔlytT; LTA – ΔdltA and ΔdltD; and insoluble exopolysaccharide – ΔgtfB. Single-species (parental strain S. mutans UA159 or individual mutant strains) and mixed-species (UA159 or mutant strain, Actinomyces naeslundii and Streptococcus gordonii) biofilms were evaluated. Distinct amounts of matrix components were detected, depending on the inactivated gene. eDNA was found to be cooperative with exopolysaccharide in early phases, while LTA played a larger role in the later phases of biofilm development. The architecture of mutant strains biofilms was distinct (vs UA159), demonstrating that eDNA and LTA influence exopolysaccharide distribution and microcolony organization. Thus, eDNA and LTA may shape exopolysaccharide structure, affecting strategies for controlling pathogenic biofilms.

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Interaction of Streptococcus Mutans Glucosyltransferases with Antibodies

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

Bacterial adherence in the pathogenesis of endocarditis. Interaction of bacterial dextran, platelets, and fibrin.

Bacterial adherence in the pathogenesis of endocarditis. Interaction of bacterial dextran, platelets, and fibrin.

Biology of <i>Streptococcus mutans-</i>Derived Glucosyltransferases: Role in Extracellular Matrix Formation of Cariogenic Biofilms

Extracellular DNA and lipoteichoic acids interact with exopolysaccharides in the extracellular matrix of Streptococcus mutans biofilms

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