Interaction of nuclear factors with upstream sequences of a lipid body membrane protein gene from carrot.

Abstract

To study the regulation of gene expression during embryo development, we isolated a gene, DC 59, expressed in embryos but not in mature carrot plants. Sequence and S I analysis showed that the gene was composed of one exon encoding a polypeptide of 19 kilodaltons and was highly homologous to the lipid body membrane protein gene L3 from maize. The plant hormone abscisic acid regulated the accumulation of DC 59 mRNA. To understand the mechanism of embryo-specific and hormonal regulation of DC 59, 5' DNA fragments were incubated with nuclear proteins. Two adjacent regions (from -706 to -235) interacted with nuclear extracts from embryos, resulting in the formation of four complexes (CI, C2, C3, and C4). Factors involved in the formation of the C3 and C4 complexes could be competed with sequences upstream of DC 8, a gene that is coordinately expressed with DC 59 during embryo development. DNase I footprinting analysis revealed that nuclear extracts from embryos bound to four ATrich sequences, and the protected motifs within fragment V were located in the highly homologous upstream regions of DC 59 and DC 8 genes.

Oil bodies and their associated proteins, oleosin and caleosin

“…Recent data indicate that some 5% of oleosin is on endoplasmatic reticulum (ER) segments near oil bodies (Sarmiento et al 1997; Lacey et al 1999). Oleosin genes are expressed during seed development and maturation, and some are induced by abscisic acid (ABA) and desiccation (Hatzopoulos et al 1990; Plant et al 1994). Oleosin‐like mRNA have also been reported in anthers of Arabidopsis and rapeseed (Murphy and Vance 1999).…”

“…AtClo1–4 expression is not responsive to ABA or osmotic stress in vegetative tissues, as was the case for rice OsClo . Carrot oleosin is only responsive to ABA in embryonic tissue, and not in adult tissue (Hatzopoulos et al 1990). Whether AtClo1–4 expression in embryos is responsive to ABA remains to be determined.…”

DcSto: carrot Stowaway-like elements are abundant, diverse, and polymorphic

“…The former MITE could be attributed to the DcSto group. Also, we identified a DcSto element inserted in the region upstream carrot lipid body membrane protein gene (Hatzopoulos et al 1990). …”

“…That effect may be one of the reasons for a relatively frequent occurrence of DcSto elements in clusters with other MITEs observed previously and confirmed in the present study. Analysis of the binding capacity of a region upstream a lipid body membrane protein gene from carrot overlapping with the DcSto 9 insertion showed that the region had a potential to form complexes with nuclear extracts from embryos (Hatzopoulos et al 1990). Interestingly, the region identified as responsible for DNA-binding, harbored by DcSto 9, was not present in other DcSto element families.…”

Root-preferential mRNA accumulation in Zea mays

“…If a protein or proteins bind to the DNA fragment it will form a complex that will migrate slower in a gel than the DNA fragment alone. The number of identified plant DNA-binding factors is quickly growing (Allen et al, 1989;Hatsopoulos et al, 1990;Lam et al, 1990;Lessard et al, 1991;Meakin and Gatehouse, 1991;Nantel et al, 1991;So and Larkins, 1991;Granell et al, 1992;Ishiguro and Nakamura, 1992;Yanagisawa and Izui, 1992). Factors that bind to AT-rich sequences within a promoter have been identified by gel-shift assays (Cushman and Bohnert, 1992).…”