Background and Purpose—
Previous studies reported that Tat-NR2B9c, a peptide disrupting the
N
-methyl-
d
-aspartate receptor–postsynaptic density protein-95 interaction, reduced ischemic damage in the acute phase after stroke. However, its effect in the subacute phase is unknown. The aim of this study is to determine whether disrupting the
N
-methyl-
d
-aspartate receptor–postsynaptic density protein-95 interaction in the subacute phase promotes recovery after stroke.
Methods—
Studies were performed on Sprague-Dawley rats or nNOS
−/−
mice, and experimental ischemic stroke was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Animals were treated with drugs starting at day 4 after ischemia. Sensorimotor functions and spatial learning and memory ability were assessed after drug treatment. Then, rats were euthanized for morphological observation and biochemical tests.
Results—
Disrupting the
N
-methyl-
d
-aspartate receptor–postsynaptic density protein-95 interaction with Tat-HA-NR2B9c significantly ameliorated the ischemia-induced impairments of spatial memory and sensorimotor functions in rats during subacute stage but did not improve stroke outcome in nNOS
−/−
mice. Consistent with the functional recovery, Tat-HA-NR2B9c substantially increased neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and dendritic spine density of mature neurons in the motor cortex of rats, meanwhile, reversed the ischemia-induced formation of
S
-nitrosylation-cyclin-dependent kinase 5 and increased cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activity in ipsilateral hippocampus. However, directly blocking
N
-methyl-
d
-aspartate receptors with MK-801 or Ro 25-6981 did not show the beneficial effects above.
Conclusions—
Dissociating
N
-methyl-
d
-aspartate receptor–postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling by Tat-HA-NR2B9c in the subacute phase after stroke promotes functional recovery, probably because of that it increases neurogenesis and dendritic spine density of mature neurons via regulating cyclin-dependent kinase 5 in the ischemic brain.