Interaction of Large Bodies with the Earth's Atmosphere

Revelle, D. O.

doi:10.1017/s0074180900066717

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Among these is the Revelstoke fireball of 31 March 1965. Our energy estimates of 40–140 kt are order‐of‐magnitude consistent with those of Shoemaker [1983] who suggested 20 kt and ReVelle [2007] whose entry modeling predicts an energy of 13 kt. Most critical to the flux at the high end is the energy estimate for the 3 August 1963 bolide, the most energetic event in this data set.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

An estimate of the terrestrial influx of large meteoroids from infrasonic measurements

et al. 2009

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[1] The influx rate of meteoroids hitting the Earth is most uncertain at sizes of $10 m. Here we make use of historical data of large bolides recorded infrasonically over a period of 13 years by the U.S. Air Force Technical Applications Center (AFTAC) to refine the terrestrial influx rate at these sizes. Several independent techniques were applied to these airwave data to calculate bolide kinetic energies. At low energies our flux results are within a factor of two in agreement with previous estimates. For 5-20-m diameter objects, however, our measurements of the cumulative number of Earth-impacting meteoroids are as much as an order of magnitude higher than estimates from telescopic surveys of near-Earth objects and satellite-detected bolides impacting the Earth. The precise cause of this disagreement is unclear, though we propose several possible explanations. From our infrasound study, our best estimate for the cumulative annual flux of impactors with energy equal to or greater than E (in kilotons of TNT equivalent) is N = 4.5 E À0.6 .

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

An estimate of the terrestrial influx of large meteoroids from infrasonic measurements

et al. 2009

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“…To derive values of the luminous efficiency at points earlier than about t = 2.5 s or velocities above II km S·1 requires a detailed knowledge of rii, since the first term of equation (5) is the dominant term except late in the flight. The problem has been considered in some detail by Ceplecha (1980), ReVelle and Rajan (1979) and ReVelle (1980a, 1980b. Since we can estimate variations in monly by assuming proportionality to the luminosity, we estimate the mean luminous efficiency from the total light and estimates of the pre-atmospheric mass from ReVelle's work, mentioned above.…”

Section: Luminous Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Innisfree Meteorite Fall: A Photographic Analysis of Fragmentation, Dynamics and Luminosity

Halliday¹,

Griffin²,

Blackwell³

1981

Meteoritics

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The Innisfree meteorite was the third fall for which accurate orbital data were secured from a camera network. Nine fragments were found within three months of the fall with a total mass of 4.58 kg. The ellipse of fall is unusually small because of the steep path in the atmosphere. The photograph from the Vegreville station reveals six trails below 26 km and these are correlated with the six main fragments, all with masses in excess of 300 g. A photometric study indicates that Innisfree had a peak absolute magnitude Mpan = −12.1 at a height of 36 km. The recovered meteorites provide known masses for the late stages of the photographic trails which, combined with dynamical data, allow luminous efficiencies to be derived with unusual confidence. Late in the flight where shock wave effects dominate ablation, luminous efficiencies vary from 3 × 10−5 to 5 × 10−2 for velocities between 3 and 10 km s−1 and masses from 0.3 to 2.0 kg. The mean luminous efficiency for the entire flight is estimated between 4 × 10−2 and 8 × 10−2.

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“…It must therefore be considered an approximation only for higher altitude bolide line‐source explosions and short (<400 km) ranges, particularly since a number of effects may change the period at maximum amplitude during propagation [ ReVelle , 1974]. For distances significantly exceeding the length of the meteor trail this relation is robust since there is an almost exact trade‐off between the generally unknown source altitude and the initial kinetic energy of the fireball [ ReVelle , 1980]. It has also been found to be in reasonable agreement with energy estimates for several bolide events observed infrasonically and with other methods [ ReVelle et al ., 1998].…”

Section: Infrasound Generation Propagation and Energy Estimates For mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐station infrasonic observations of two large bolides: signal interpretation and implications for monitoring of atmospheric explosions

Brown

2002

Geophysical Research Letters

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Abstract.Observations of two large bolides occurring over the Western Pacific on August 25, 2000 and April 23, 2001 are presented. These large bolides produced infrasonic signals at numerous stations in the Americas and Europe as well as being observed by US Department of Defence satellite sensors. The energy, location and physical characteristics of these bolides is inferred from available infrasound records and compared to satellite data. The infrasonic energy of the events from the observed signal frequencies is estimated to be 3 kT and 1 kT respectively, while the satellite energies are approximately 3 kT and 11kT. The disagreement in energies for the April 23, 2001 (the third largest satellite observed bolide on record) event is significant and indicates acoustic/optical processes not typical of most bolides. The integrated infrasonic acoustic energy of the signals indicates that the percentage of acoustic energy deposited into the atmosphere is a minimum of ~0.1-1% of the total source energy for each event.

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Interaction of Large Bodies with the Earth's Atmosphere

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

An estimate of the terrestrial influx of large meteoroids from infrasonic measurements

An estimate of the terrestrial influx of large meteoroids from infrasonic measurements

The Innisfree Meteorite Fall: A Photographic Analysis of Fragmentation, Dynamics and Luminosity

Multi‐station infrasonic observations of two large bolides: signal interpretation and implications for monitoring of atmospheric explosions

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