Interaction of kyotorphin and brain peptide transporter in synaptosomes prepared from rat cerebellum: implication of high affinity type H+/peptide transporter PEPT2 mediated transport system

Fujita, Takuya; Kishida, Takeshi; Okada, Naoki; Ganapathy, Vadivel; Leibach, Frederick H.; Yamamoto, Akira

doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(99)00540-6

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The highaffinity type H ? /peptide cotransporter 2 (PEPT2) may be involved in the transport of CAR in the rat cerebellum (Fujita et al 1999), choroid plexus epithelial cells (Teuscher et al 2004;Hu et al 2005), astrocytes (Bauer 2005;Xiang et al 2006), cardiomyocytes (Lin and King 2007), and kidney (Jappar et al 2009;Kamal et al 2009). Moreover, PHT1, which may also mediate CAR transport, is observed throughout the whole brain (Yamashita et al 1997).…”

Section: Carnosine Transporters and Carnosine Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of l-carnosine in the control of blood glucose, blood pressure, thermogenesis, and lipolysis by autonomic nerves in rats: involvement of the circadian clock and histamine

et al. 2012

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L-carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine; CAR) is synthesized in mammalian skeletal muscle. Although the physiological roles of CAR have not yet been clarified, there is evidence that the release of CAR from skeletal muscle during physical exercise affects autonomic neurotransmission and physiological functions. In particular, CAR affects the activity of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves innervating the adrenal glands, liver, kidney, pancreas, stomach, and white and brown adipose tissues, thereby causing changes in blood pressure, blood glucose, appetite, lipolysis, and thermogenesis. CAR-mediated changes in neurotransmission and physiological functions were eliminated by histamine H1 or H3 receptor antagonists (diphenhydramine or thioperamide) and bilateral lesions of the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a master circadian clock. Moreover, a carnosine-degrading enzyme (carnosinase 2) was shown to be localized to histamine neurons in the hypothalamic tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN). Thus, CAR released from skeletal muscle during exercise may be transported into TMN-histamine neurons and hydrolyzed. The resulting L-histidine may subsequently be converted into histamine, which could be responsible for the effects of CAR on neurotransmission and physiological function. Thus, CAR appears to influence hypoglycemic, hypotensive, and lipolytic activity through regulation of autonomic nerves and with the involvement of the SCN and histamine. These findings are reviewed and discussed in the context of other recent reports, including those on carnosine synthetases, carnosinases, and carnosine transport.

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Section: Carnosine Transporters and Carnosine Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of l-carnosine in the control of blood glucose, blood pressure, thermogenesis, and lipolysis by autonomic nerves in rats: involvement of the circadian clock and histamine

et al. 2012

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“…Moreover, the PEPT2 affinity values for kyotorphin, cephalexin, and δ-aminolevulinic acid obtained in this study using the SKPT cells grown in basic culture media are comparable to the values previously reported in the literature when using other assay systems (Table 2). [30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Altogether, SKPT cells grown in basic culture media may serve as a useful standard model for di-/ tripeptide uptake studies.…”

Section: Comparison Of Skpt Cells Grown Under Different Culture Condimentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of rPEPT2-Mediated Gly-Sar Transport Parameters in the Rat Kidney Proximal Tubule Cell Line SKPT-0193 cl.2 Cultured in Basic Growth Media

et al. 2005

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The rat proximal kidney tubule cell line SKPT-0193 cl.2 (SKPT) expresses the di-/tripeptide transporter PEPT2 (rPEPT2) and has been used to study PEPT2-mediated transport. Traditionally, SKPT cells have been cultured in growth media supplemented with epidermal growth factor (EGF), apotransferrin, dexamethasone, and insulin. It was recently demonstrated that omission of EGF from the culture media caused a drastic increase in the expression of rPEPT2. The hypothesis was therefore that the SKPT cell line might be able to differentiate and express rPEPT2 in the absence of the four agonists traditionally added. The aim of the study was thus to characterize Gly-Sar transport parameters in SKPT cells cultured in basic growth media (conventional media without added agonists). Morphology was studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and immunohistochemistry. Monolayer integrity was evaluated using transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements and [(3)H]-mannitol permeabilities. Di-/tripeptide transporter activity was studied using [(14)C]-glycylsarcosine ([(14)C]-Gly-Sar). SKPT cells grown in basic media for 4 days formed confluent monolayers with a TEER of 5.03 +/- 0.33 kOmega.cm(2) (n = 5). Apical Gly-Sar uptake peaked after 3-6 days in culture. Uptake at day 4 was 5.89 +/- 0.30 pmol.cm(-2).min(-1) (n = 3). Di-/tripeptide uptake displayed an optimum at approximately pH 6. Affinity values for cephalexin, kyotorphin, and delta-aminolevulinic acid were comparable to those obtained in other PEPT2-expressing model systems. It can be concluded that SKPT cells grown in the absence of the agonists traditionally added to the culture media retain all necessary properties for PEPT2-mediated peptide uptake studies. Furthermore, the absence of the agonists might facilitate studies of hormonal regulation of PEPT2 expression and transport activity.

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“…In view of its expression in mammalian brain we employed the dipeptides Cys-Gly (12), carnosin (13), Tyr-Arg (kyotorphin) (14,15) and Gly-Gln (␤-endorphin {30 -31} (16) proposed to play a role in metabolism of the central nervous system). As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Functional Characterization Of the Murine Pept2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and Characterization of the Gene Encoding the Mouse Peptide Transporter PEPT2

Rubio‐Aliaga

Boll

Daniel

2000

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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Interaction of kyotorphin and brain peptide transporter in synaptosomes prepared from rat cerebellum: implication of high affinity type H+/peptide transporter PEPT2 mediated transport system

Cited by 28 publications

References 17 publications

Role of l-carnosine in the control of blood glucose, blood pressure, thermogenesis, and lipolysis by autonomic nerves in rats: involvement of the circadian clock and histamine

Role of l-carnosine in the control of blood glucose, blood pressure, thermogenesis, and lipolysis by autonomic nerves in rats: involvement of the circadian clock and histamine

Characterization of rPEPT2-Mediated Gly-Sar Transport Parameters in the Rat Kidney Proximal Tubule Cell Line SKPT-0193 cl.2 Cultured in Basic Growth Media

Cloning and Characterization of the Gene Encoding the Mouse Peptide Transporter PEPT2

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