Interaction of jet in hypersonic cross stream

Shang, J. S.; McMaster, D. L.; Scaggs, N.; Buck, Melvin L.

doi:10.2514/3.10115

Cited by 48 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Over the years, the formation of a horseshoe-type vortex, around surface mounted obstacles in an uniform stream, is reported by several investigators (e.g., Baker [1], Thomas [2], Seal et al [3], Sau et al [4]). The presence of similar horseshoe-type vortices upstream of transverse jets, resulting from the interaction between the jet and the upstream crossflow boundary layer, has been experimentally observed by Andreopoulos [5], Krothapalli et al [6], Kelso and Smits [7], Shang et al [8] and Fric and Roshko [9]. The approaching cross-flow wall boundary layer, while encountering an adverse pressure gradient ahead of the jet, separates to form the horseshoe vortices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Three-dimensional simulation of square jets in cross-flow

Sheu

Hwang

et al. 2004

Phys. Rev. E

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Direct numerical simulations are performed to predict the three-dimensional unsteady flow interactions in the near-field of a square jet issuing normal to a cross-flow. The simulated flow features reveal the formation of an upstream horseshoe vortex system, which is the result of an interaction between the oncoming channel floor shear layer and the transverse jet; the growth of a sequence of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability-induced vortical rollers in the mixing layer between the jet and the cross-flow, which wrap around the front side of the jet; and the inception process of the counter-rotating vortex pair (CVP), which is initiated through the folding of the lateral jet shear layers. It has been observed that for a square jet in cross-flow, the developed Kelvin-Helmholtz instability induced shear layer rollers do not form closed circumferential vortex rings. Along the downstream side of the jet, the extended tails of such rollers gradually join the locally evolving CVP. The very inception of the CVP is, however, observed to take place within the cross-flow-induced skewed lateral jet shear layers, and such inception was seen to occur slightly below the jet orifice. The simulated results also reveal the growth of the upright wake vortices from the topological singular points that developed on the cross-flow floor boundary layer. The accumulated floor vortices are seen to spiral around the critical points and subsequently leave the channel floor uprightly. During upward motion these vortices eventually get entrained into the CVP core. It has been made clear topologically that the unstable local surface excitations are the seeds from which upright vortices grow. Interestingly, such findings remain quite consistent with the existing experimental predictions for a round jet. Simulations were performed for two moderate values of the Reynolds number 225 and 300, based on the jet width and the average cross-flow inlet velocity, and for two different values of the jet to cross-stream velocity ratio, 2.5 and 3.5.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Three-dimensional simulation of square jets in cross-flow

Sheu

Hwang

et al. 2004

Phys. Rev. E

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“…The overall structure of the horseshoe-vortex system, which forms on the flat wall boundary layer around the jet orifice, is quite similar to the one usually observed around a cylinder-wall juncture. Shang et al . (1989), Krothapalli et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural development of vortical flows around a square jet in cross-flow

Sheu

Tsai

et al. 2004

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A

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“…Upstream of the jet, the flow separates, and consequently a "separation shock" leading to a three-dimensional bow shock over the jet is created. Horseshoe vortices are formed just upstream of the jet in the separated flow as described by Shang et al, 9 and the associated counter-rotating vortices are convected downstream adjacent to the jet. The number, strength, and size of the horseshoe vortices depend on a variety of factors such as the upstream shock configuration, jet pressure, and velocity.…”

Section: Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of liquid jets injected into a highly accelerated supersonic boundary layer

Johnson

Sreenivasan²

1993

AIAA Journal

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Experiments were conducted to observe the cross-sectional structure and streamwise growth of round transverse liquid jets injected into a highly accelerated boundary layer in supersonic flow. The accompanying shock structure was also visualized. In one case, a round jet of acetone was injected into a fully turbulent Mach 2.5 boundary layer that was subsequently accelerated and partially laminarized through a sharp Prandtl-Meyer expansion corner. In the second case, a jet was injected into the laminarized Mach 3.2 boundary layer downstream of the expansion corner at the same jet-to-freestream momentum ratio. The jet and shock structure in both cases were visualized using schlieren optics. Wall-flow patterns were visualized using paints. It was found that the lateral spreading of jets injected downstream of the expansion fan was augmented close to the wall and had a cross-sectional structure significantly different from that of the jet injected upstream: the upstream jet spreads rapidly at the expansion corner in both the lateral and vertical directions. d M P Re St T t p U Nomenclature -diameter of jet orifice -Mach number = pressure = Reynolds number = Stokes number, t p /tf = temperature = time scale for host flow = time scale for the deceleration of acetone droplets = mean velocity = root-mean-square of velocity fluctuations = normal distance from the wall =yU + /v = boundary-layer thickness (y at 0.99£/oo) = displacement thickness = momentum thickness = kinematic viscosity = density = shear stress u ' y y+ d d* 6 v p T Subscripts vd = Van Driest transformed quantity w =wall conditions 0 = stagnation condition oo = freestream conditions

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Interaction of jet in hypersonic cross stream

Cited by 48 publications

References 12 publications

Three-dimensional simulation of square jets in cross-flow

Three-dimensional simulation of square jets in cross-flow

Structural development of vortical flows around a square jet in cross-flow

Observations of liquid jets injected into a highly accelerated supersonic boundary layer

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