Interaction of intense laser pulses with atomic clusters: Measurements of ion emission, simulations and applications

Tisch, J. W. G.; Hay, N.; Mendham, K. J.; Springate, E.; Symes, D. R.; Comley, A. J.; Mason, M. B.; Gumbrell, E. T.; Ditmire, T.; Smith, R. A.; Marangos, J. P.; Hutchinson, M. H. R.

doi:10.1016/s0168-583x(02)01947-x

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Under such conditions ions may achieve up to MeV kinetic energy. This line of research was pioneered experimentally by Ditmire (1998) and collaborators (Ditmire et al 1997, Tisch et al 2003 who even demonstrated the possibility to initiate nuclear fusion reactions with fast D + ions in molecular clusters (Ditmire et al 1999). The underlying physical mechanisms have been explained by several theoretical models, e.g.…”

Section: Femtochemistry Optimal Control and Strong Laser Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast dynamics in isolated molecules and molecular clusters

2006

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During the past decade the understanding of photo-induced ultrafast dynamics in molecular systems has improved at an unforeseen speed and a wealth of detailed insight into the fundamental processes has been obtained. This review summarizes our present knowledge on ultrafast dynamics in isolated molecules and molecular clusters evolving after excitation with femtosecond pulses as studied by pump-probe analysis in real time. Experimental tools and methods as well as theoretical models are described which have been developed to glean information on primary, ultrafast processes in photophysics, photochemistry and photobiology. The relevant processes are explained by way of example-from wave packet dynamics in systems with a few atoms all the way to internal conversion via conical intersections in bio-chromophores. A systematic overview on characteristic systems follows, starting with diatomic and including larger organic molecules as well as various types of molecular clusters, such as micro-solvated chromophore molecules. For conciseness the focus is on molecular systems which remain unperturbed by the laser pulses-apart from the excitation and detection processes as such. Thus, only some aspects of controlling and manipulating molecular reactions by shaped and/or very intense laser pulses are discussed briefly for particularly instructive examples, illustrating the perspectives of this prospering field. The material presented in this review comprises some prototypical examples from earlier pioneering work but emphasizes studies from recent years and covers the most important and latest developments until January 2006.

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Section: Femtochemistry Optimal Control and Strong Laser Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast dynamics in isolated molecules and molecular clusters

2006

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“…Understanding these interactions is crucial for future experiments involving the imaging of biological molecules, protein nanocrystals, DNA, or viruses. van der Waals clusters in the gas phase represent an ideal test bed for investigating the fragmentation physics of molecular systems in intense x-rays because no energy can be exchanged with a surrounding medium, and the interaction of high-intensity, near-infrared light with these atomic systems is widely understood [1,2]. The interaction of high-intensity extreme UV pulses with Xe clusters has been investigated in recent years at a photon energy of 90 eV and intensities up to 6 Â 10 14 W=cm 2 at the freeelectron laser in Hamburg (FLASH) and have been reported in a series of publications [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

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confidence: 99%

Explosions of Xenon Clusters in Ultraintense Femtosecond X-Ray Pulses from the LCLS Free Electron Laser

Thomas¹,

Helal²,

Hoffmann³

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Explosions of large Xe clusters ( ~ 11,000) irradiated by femtosecond pulses of 850 eV x-ray photons focused to an intensity of up to 10(17) W/cm(2) from the Linac Coherent Light Source were investigated experimentally. Measurements of ion charge-state distributions and energy spectra exhibit strong evidence for the formation of a Xe nanoplasma in the intense x-ray pulse. This x-ray produced Xe nanoplasma is accompanied by a three-body recombination and hydrodynamic expansion. These experimental results appear to be consistent with a model in which a spherically exploding nanoplasma is formed inside the Xe cluster and where the plasma temperature is determined by photoionization heating.

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“…The direct optical ionization begins when laser pulse liberates a small number of electrons. Field ionization is described in this model by Ammosov et al [18,22,24], and collisional ionization, which occurs from inelastic collisions between electrons and ions, is described by the Lotz formula [9,18,23]. Due to the high excitation and hot electrons and densities reached inside the cluster, collisional ionization is the dominant ionization mechanism in the nanoplasma leading to the production of highly charged ions.…”

Section: Ionization Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, the ions gain energy in the hydrodynamic expansion, where the thermal energy of the electrons is converted to ion kinetic energy or through coulomb explosion. For a hydrodynamic expansion, the mean ion energy will be of order [24]…”

Section: Cluster Expansionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoplasma Formation From Atomic Clusters Irradiated by Intense Femtosecond Lasers

Boucerredj¹,

Beggas²

2020

Novel Imaging and Spectroscopy

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The nanoplasma formations of Na and Kr clusters, which contained 2 Â 10 7 atoms per cluster, irradiated by intense femtosecond laser field have been predicted in detail within the framework of the modified nanoplasma model. Based on this modified model, ionization process, heating, expansion, and explosion of the cluster have been studied. When laser intensity is above a critical value, it blows off all of electrons from the cluster and forms a non-neutral ion cloud. The analytic calculation provides time evolution of radius of the cluster, internal and external fields, coulomb and hydrodynamic pressures, electron density, and ion and electron energy. During the coulomb explosion of the resulting highly ionized, hightemperature nanoplasma, ions acquire their energy. It is shown that ultrafast ions are produced in this comparative study (4.4 keV for Kr cluster and 2.2 keV for Na cluster), which can be the source of energetic ions. We have found that the coulomb pressure is little than the hydrodynamic pressure for both clusters.

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Interaction of intense laser pulses with atomic clusters: Measurements of ion emission, simulations and applications

Cited by 16 publications

References 77 publications

Ultrafast dynamics in isolated molecules and molecular clusters

Ultrafast dynamics in isolated molecules and molecular clusters

Explosions of Xenon Clusters in Ultraintense Femtosecond X-Ray Pulses from the LCLS Free Electron Laser

Nanoplasma Formation From Atomic Clusters Irradiated by Intense Femtosecond Lasers

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