Interaction of integral parameters of physical state and biological age of students aged 17-19 years old in the process of adaptation to standard and experimental physical education programs

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. The process of adaptation to physical education programs is a critical factor influencing the health and physical development of students. Understanding how these programs affect both the physical state and biological age of students can significantly improve their effectiveness. The aim of the study is to investigate the interaction between integral parameters of physical state (PS) and biological age (BA) of students aged 17-19 years old in the process of adaptation to standard and experimental physical education (PE) programs. Material and Methods. The study involved 140 first-year students of the National University of Telecommunications - 80 males and 60 females. In the course of the research, the indices of functional state, physical fitness (PF) and physical development (PD), biological age (BA) were recorded in young men and women of the control (CG) and experimental (EG) groups. To process the experimental material, methods of dispersion and canonical analysis were used and multiple correlation and determination coefficients were calculated. Results. It was revealed that the impact of PS integral parameters on students' BA is stronger than the inverse influence of BA on PS parameters. The degree of BA reduction under the influence of the studied factors is most pronounced in the EG of girls and boys. The variability of the group of PD and PF indices is accompanied by the variability of most of the BA parameters’ dispersion in all studied groups of students. The factor of gender has the greatest impact on the BA of students. Girls have lower initial values of BA and it’s a more pronounced decrease by the end of the experiment. The effectiveness of the impact of an aerobically oriented experimental program on the improvement of students’ PS and reduction of BA was confirmed. Under the influence of the experimental program, the BA of EG girls decreases to a greater extent in comparison with EG boys and students of both control groups. Changes and differences in BA of boys and girls of EG and CG are due to the combined impact of the factor of PE software and that of adaptation changes of students' PS in the annual process of PE. In the group of boys and girls more pronounced influence on BA in the course of the experiment was produced by the factor of software and adaptation changes, respectively. Conclusions. The gender factor has the strongest impact on students' BA - girls have lower initial values of BA and it’s a more pronounced decrease by the end of the experiment in comparison with boys. Adaptation changes of PS in the process of software implementation are accompanied by a decrease in BA in the experimental groups. One of the criteria and confirmations of the effectiveness of the developed PE program is the degree of mutual influence of PS integral parameters, which is most pronounced in the reduction of BA in the experimental groups of girls and boys.