Interaction of impulse activities originating from individual Golgi tendon organs innervated by branches of a single axon.

Fukami, Yasushi

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1980.sp013096

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…If there is only one impulse initiation site then for these responses impulse initiation and adaptation of the response must take place in different locations. It is possible that on some occasions a single afferent axon may supply more than one end-organ (Fukami, 1980). In hind-limb muscles this does not appear to occur sufficiently frequently to be able to account for our results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

“…8). Stimulating two motor units together initiates activity in two terminal branches, but the one with the higher rate of discharge will suppress, by antidromic invasion, the neighbouring terminal (re-setting, Horch, Whitehorn &r Burgess, 1974;Gregory, 1976;Fukami, 1980). Thus activity recorded in the parent axon will orginate from only one of the 258 IMPULSE INITIATION IN A TENDON ORGAN two terminals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Motor unit contractions initiating impulses in a tendon organ in the cat.

Gregory¹,

Proske²

1981

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Responses, identified as coming from Golgi tendon organs, were recorded in afferent nerve fibres supplying the cat soleus muscle.2. Receptor discharge was recorded during stimulation of single, selected motor units. The degree of summation ofresponses to combined stimulation ofpairs of motor units was compared with the effect of stimulating each motor unit separately. Whenever individual response frequencies differed by a large amount there was little summation on combined stimulation.3. The response of the tendon organ to the second of a pair of closely spaced tetanic contractions of a motor unit showed adaptation of the discharge. Adaptation could also be induced by a conditioning contraction from another motor unit. The amount of 'cross-adaptation' could be correlated with the difference in individual response frequencies of the two motor units and with the degree of summation on combined stimulation.4. A mechanical model is proposed to account for these observations. The muscle fibre from each motor unit is envisaged to pull on a collagen strand which supports one of the receptor terminals. The non-linear summation of responses on combined stimulation and the phenomenon of cross-adaptation are accounted for by mechanical cross-links between collagen strands such that one muscle fibre pulls on more than one receptor terminal.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor unit contractions initiating impulses in a tendon organ in the cat.

Gregory¹,

Proske²

1981

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Thus, complete resetting is likely in contrast to partial phase shifting that would occur with passive conduction into an encoding site. Complete phase resetting has also been demonstrated experimentally with sensory receptors (Fukami, 1980). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Alteration of neural action potential patterns by axonal stimulation: the importance of stimulus location

Crago¹,

Makowski²

2014

J. Neural Eng.

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Objective Stimulation of peripheral nerves is often superimposed on ongoing motor and sensory activity in the same axons, without a quantitative model of the net action potential train at the axon endpoint. Approach We develop a model of action potential patterns elicited by superimposing constant frequency axonal stimulation on the action potentials arriving from a physiologically activated neural source. The model includes interactions due to collision block, resetting of the neural impulse generator, and the refractory period of the axon at the point of stimulation. Main Results Both the mean endpoint firing rate and the probability distribution of the action potential firing periods depend strongly on the relative firing rates of the two sources and the intersite conduction time between them. When the stimulus rate exceeds the neural rate, neural action potentials do not reach the endpoint and the rate of endpoint action potentials is the same as the stimulus rate, regardless of the intersite conduction time. However, when the stimulus rate is less than the neural rate, and the intersite conduction time is short, the two rates partially sum. Increases in stimulus rate produce non-monotonic increases in endpoint rate and continuously increasing block of neurally generated action potentials. Rate summation is reduced and more neural action potentials are blocked as the intersite conduction time increases.. At long intersite conduction times, the endpoint rate simplifies to being the maximum of either the neural or the stimulus rate. Significance This study highlights the potential of increasing the endpoint action potential rate and preserving neural information transmission by low rate stimulation with short intersite conduction times. Intersite conduction times can be decreased with proximal stimulation sites for muscles and distal stimulation sites for sensory endings. The model provides a basis for optimizing experiments and designing neuroprosthetic interventions involving motor or sensory stimulation.

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“…If they do indeed originate from muscle spindles, it is possible that the recorded discharges are impulses conducted antidromically in branches of the parent axon to the spindle. Most sensory axons subserving various sensory modalities have branchings close to their receptors (Lindblom, 1958;Millar, 1971;Duclaux & Kenshalo, 1973;Floyd & Morrison, 1974;Horch, Whitehorn & Burgess, 1974; Matthews, 1977;Fukami, 1980). However, the T. KATO, Y. KAWAMURA AND T. MORIMOTO afferents to the sensory endings in the mammalian muscle spindles, especially Ia fibres to the primary ending, rarely branch prior to entering the capsule of individual spindles (for review, Matthews, 1972;Barker, 1974).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Branching of muscle spindle afferents of jaw closing muscles in the cat.

Kato¹,

Kawamura²,

Morimoto³

1982

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Functionally isolated single fibres were prepared from the cut central ends of the masseter nerve in cats. Of those firing in response to muscle stretch, most were alpha motor units but some had the properties of afferent fibres innervating muscle receptors.2. These afferent units were remarkably sensitive to muscle stretch even under anaesthesia deep enough to eliminate all stretch evoked e.m.g. activity in masseter. Moreover, these units responded to gentle pressing of the surface of either the masseter, temporalis or pterygoid muscles.3. On the basis of their responses to ramp stretch, to high-frequency vibration, to suxamethonium, and to gentle pressing of the muscle surface, the majority were considered to arise from primary or secondary endings of muscle spindles.4. In reflexly induced jaw movements, the highest discharge frequency of these spindles was observed during the jaw opening phase. However, they were also activated during the jaw closing phase, indicating that the fusimotor innervation to the source spindle was still preserved.5. From these results, it is concluded that branching of the spindle afferent outside the capsule occurs in the muscle nerve innervating cat's jaw closing muscles.

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Interaction of impulse activities originating from individual Golgi tendon organs innervated by branches of a single axon.

Cited by 29 publications

References 32 publications

Motor unit contractions initiating impulses in a tendon organ in the cat.

Motor unit contractions initiating impulses in a tendon organ in the cat.

Alteration of neural action potential patterns by axonal stimulation: the importance of stimulus location

Branching of muscle spindle afferents of jaw closing muscles in the cat.

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