Interaction of hypersonic multiphase flows

Numerical simulation of flow around a body’s system beyond a transmitted shock wave

“…2c), the interaction is regular. As was noted in [1], the collective shock wave is produced as a result of combining transonic zones beyond shock waves. This can be seen from the sound line plotted with the solid curve in the figure.…”

“…In other words, we should distinguish which mode of flow is realized. In turn, the mode of flow around the particles is dependent on whether the col lective jump is formed ahead of the particle's cloud or individual flows around the particles take place [1][2][3].…”

Shock Waves, Explosions, and Detonations

“…Owing to the work of Blagosklonov et al (1979), to assume that the collective front shock is formed when transonic shock layers of individual particles are overlapped. Therefore interacting shock waves are formed around each particle.…”

“…A detailed analysis of these effects must allow for (J>* = f (M*) varying with particle acceleration (Blagosklonov et al 1979). (1) is valid at $ < $ 1%.…”

Micro-level modeling of the detonation wave attenuation by inert particles

“…When a shock or detonation wave passes through a cloud of particles, flow characteristics such as the particle drag, the dynamics of its heat exchange with the surrounding medium, and chemical transformations will depend on whether the flow velocity is subsonic or supersonic, i. e., on which flow regime occurs. The flow regime around the particles depends, first, on whether a collective shock has been formed ahead of the cloud of particles or individual flow around each particle occurs and, second, on whether the particle is in the aerodynamic shadow of other particles [2,3]. Therefore, it is important to analyze the influence of the flow around the particles on their drag and thermal and velocity relaxation using various gas flow models.…”