Phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) has been found to be a very effective
catalyst precursor for direct
liquefaction of Wyodak coal. A concentration of 300 mg Mo/kg maf
coal of PMA imparts greater
activity when impregnated onto the coal compared to adding the
crystalline solid directly to the
reaction mixture. Significant improvement in the reaction occurred
only when H2S was added
to the reaction mixture, suggesting that the Keggin anion does not act
as the catalyst.
Impregnated PMA is at least as active as organically soluble
molybdenum di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphorodithioate or oxothiomolybdenum
N,N-dibutyldithiocarbamate. The method of
impregnating the PMA from aqueous solution onto the coal did not have any
significant influence on
THF solubilization or resid conversion. It was also found that
neither THF solubilization nor
conversion to distillate was affected by impregnating the Mo precursor
onto only 10% of the feed
coal. However, if the PMA is impregnated onto a carbon carrier,
which is then mixed with coal,
very poor THF solubilization occurs.