Interaction of heparin and tetraarginine in capillary electrophoresis: Implication for analytical applications

Abstract

Interactions between heparin and tetraarginine in an acidic background electrolyte were investigated in capillary electrophoresis. The results showed that tetraarginine and heparin form a stable complex that migrates toward the anode immediately after coming into contact. When a zone of tetraarginine at a mg/mL concentration level passes through a zone of heparin at a μg/mL concentration level, tetraarginine is gradually removed by the formation of the complex that migrates in the opposite direction, thereby decreasing the tetraarginine peak area. The variation of the tetraarginine peak area as a function of the unfractionated heparin concentration was linear within the range 2–20 μg/mL, which enables us to detect and determine heparin concentrations undetectable with a UV detector. The same behavior was confirmed for low molecular weight heparin.

Recent developments in capillary and microchip electroseparations of peptides (2019–mid 2021)

“…The interaction of tetraarginine ((Arg) 4 ) with heparin was studied by ACE in acidic BGE, 10 mM phosphoric acid containing nonspecified concentration of hydroxyethylcellulose, in FS capillary with 50/375 μm id/od, 50/41.5 cm total/effective length, at 30 kV separation voltage, and 200 nm detection wavelength [258]. It was shown that when (Arg) 4 zone at milligram per milliliter concentration level migrates through a heparin zone atmicrogram per milliliter concentration, the peak area of (Arg) 4 is decreasing due to complexation with heparin and migration in the form of heparin‐(Arg) 4 complex in opposite direction than (Arg) 4 alone, that is, to anode.…”

Study of antagonism between some intestinal bacteria with high‐speed micellar electrokinetic chromatography

“…CE can employ a variety of detection modes including ultraviolet detection [19], electrochemical detection [20], LIF detection [21] and so on. Among them, LIF detection is sensitive and stable without the direct contact of the sample solution during detection.…”

Mobilization of electroosmotic flow markers in capillary zone electrophoresis

“…Neutral EOF markers usually contain sulfur, nitrogen, or oxygen atoms in their molecules, as well as linear or branched alkyl groups. Examples of these markers are thiourea (TUR), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), acetone (Ac), mesityl oxide (MEO), or N , N ‐dimethylformamide (DMFA) [3, 10, 25, 27–36]. Consequently, they have a high differentiation of surface charge, thus, allowing ion‐dipole interactions with components of BGE.…”