Interaction of Gums (Guar, Carboxymethylhydroxypropyl Guar, Diutan, and Xanthan) with Surfactants (DTAB, CTAB, and TX-100) in Aqueous Medium

Abstract

The interaction of surfactants dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and p-tert-octylphenoxypolyoxyethylene (9.5) ether (TX-100) with guar (Gr), carboxymethylhydroxypropyl guar (CMHPG), diutan (Dn), and xanthan (Xn) gums has been studied employing conductometry, tensiometry, microcalorimetry, viscometry, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. Both weak and strong interactions were observed. CTAB interacted stronger than DTAB with the gums. The surfactant-gum interaction process was enhanced by the presence of borate ions in the solution; the borate ion itself also manifested interaction with the surfactants comparable with that of water-soluble polymers polyvinyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene, and so forth. Viscometric results supported configurational changes of the gum molecules by interaction with surfactants. The geometry of the pure gums and their CTAB interacted products in the dried states was ascertained from AFM measurements; spherical and prolate shapes were observed for pure gums, and distorted states were observed for their surfactant complexed species. Detailed topological features of these entities were ascertained.

Rheological properties and thickening mechanism of aqueous diutan gum solution: Effects of temperature and salts

“…Xanthan gum is an anionic polysaccharide and, therefore, has polyelectrolyte properties due to the presence of a carboxylic group in its chemical structure. Solutions of xanthan gum as polysaccharide systems have been extensively studied in terms of physicochemical properties (Hamcerencu, Desbrieres, Popa, & Riess, 2009;Mukherjee, Sarkar, & Moulik, 2010;Rinaudo, 2004). At present, xanthan gum is one of the two widely used watersoluble polymers in tertiary oil recovery (Xu et al, 2014b).…”

Influence of surfactants on the adsorption and elektrokinetic properties of the system: guar gum/manganese dioxide

“…In the case of the mechanism of anionic surfactants and GG interactions the association between the hydroxyl groups of GG with the surfactant head group exists. In the case of cationic CTAB strong interaction with guar gum was confirmed using the tensiometry, conductometry, isothermal titration calorimetry, viscometry and AFM techniques (Mukherjee et al 2010). Moreover, the analysis of the results shown in Figs.…”

“…What is interesting and surprising, the literature reports concerning the interactions between SDS and gums are contradictory. Nedjhiouia et al (2005) proved strong interactions between SDS molecules and xanthan gum using conductivity and surface tension measurements, whereas the measurements made by Mukherjee et al (2010) showed that SDS has no influence on GG, Trition X-100 produced moderate interactions and CTAB strongly interacts with guar gum. However, one should bear in mind that the above mentioned results concern only the interactions between SDS and GG in pure solutions not on the surface of the solid.…”

FaSSIF-V3, but not compendial media, appropriately detects differences in the peak and extent of exposure between reference and test formulations of ibuprofen

“…Regardless the type of gum used there is a sharp decrease in the viscosity of the liquid when the concentration of surfactant is increased up to a certain value, thereafter, an increase in viscosity is observed, resulting in a U-shape curve [35][36]. For xanthan gum solutions, the decrease in the viscosity started at very low concentrations of surfactant (0.02-0.7 of the critical micelle concentration (CMC)), with a minimum reached at 1.5-14.5 times the CMC, depending on the surfactant studied [36].…”

“…For xanthan gum solutions, the decrease in the viscosity started at very low concentrations of surfactant (0.02-0.7 of the critical micelle concentration (CMC)), with a minimum reached at 1.5-14.5 times the CMC, depending on the surfactant studied [36]. Therefore, an alternative explanation for the differences in viscosity among the three formulations could be that different levels of polysorbate 80 were used in the formulations.…”