Interaction of extraembryonic microglia and neonatal brain development

Sharma, Radhika; Mei, Ariel; Mathew, Vineetha; Kashpur, Olga; Wallingford, Mary C.

doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.113986

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Microglia are unique myeloid cells scattered throughout the CNS parenchymal tissue, representing the first line of immune defense [ 86 ]. Through continuous monitoring of the CNS microenvironment, microglia ensure the brain homeostasis, although they contribute to the regulation of other relevant functions in the CNS from early development throughout the adult life [ 87 ]. These include, for example, the development and maintenance of the synaptic architecture and function, synaptic pruning, neurogenesis, neuronal activity and plasticity as well as the secretion of neurotrophic factors [ 88 ].…”

Section: Direct Effects Of Noradrenalinementioning

confidence: 99%

Noradrenaline in Alzheimer’s Disease: A New Potential Therapeutic Target

Gutiérrez

Russo

Novellino

et al. 2022

IJMS

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A growing body of evidence demonstrates the important role of the noradrenergic system in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative processes, especially Alzheimer’s disease, due to its ability to control glial activation and chemokine production resulting in anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Noradrenaline involvement in this disease was first proposed after finding deficits of noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus from Alzheimer’s disease patients. Based on this, it has been hypothesized that the early loss of noradrenergic projections and the subsequent reduction of noradrenaline brain levels contribute to cognitive dysfunctions and the progression of neurodegeneration. Several studies have focused on analyzing the role of noradrenaline in the development and progression of Alzheimer’s disease. In this review we summarize some of the most relevant data describing the alterations of the noradrenergic system normally occurring in Alzheimer’s disease as well as experimental studies in which noradrenaline concentration was modified in order to further analyze how these alterations affect the behavior and viability of different nervous cells. The combination of the different studies here presented suggests that the maintenance of adequate noradrenaline levels in the central nervous system constitutes a key factor of the endogenous defense systems that help prevent or delay the development of Alzheimer’s disease. For this reason, the use of noradrenaline modulating drugs is proposed as an interesting alternative therapeutic option for Alzheimer’s disease.

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Section: Direct Effects Of Noradrenalinementioning

confidence: 99%

Noradrenaline in Alzheimer’s Disease: A New Potential Therapeutic Target

Gutiérrez

Russo

Novellino

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…If the role of AQP9 in the brain is analogous to its role in peripheral tissues, one would expect this aquaporin to be expressed in microglial cells and not only in astrocytes. This is pertinent to the documented presence of AQP9 in blood leukocytes including monocytes, which have the same embryonic precursors as microglia [ 11 , 12 ]. Thus, as a second part of the present study, we re-examined the expression of AQP9 in different types of brain cells following magnetic bead separation and flow cytometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquaporin-9 in the Brain Inflammatory Response: Evidence from Mice Injected with the Parkinsonogenic Toxin MPP+

et al. 2023

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More than 20 years have passed since the first demonstration of Aquaporin-9 (AQP9) in the brain. Yet its precise localization and function in brain tissue remain unresolved. In peripheral tissues, AQP9 is expressed in leukocytes where it is involved in systemic inflammation processes. In this study, we hypothesized that AQP9 plays a proinflammatory role in the brain, analogous to its role in the periphery. We also explored whether Aqp9 is expressed in microglial cells, which would be supportive of this hypothesis. Our results show that targeted deletion of Aqp9 significantly suppressed the inflammatory response to the parkinsonian toxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+). This toxin induces a strong inflammatory response in brain. After intrastriatal injections of MPP+, the increase in transcript levels of proinflammatory genes was less pronounced in AQP9−/− mice compared with wild-type controls. Further, in isolated cell subsets, validated by flow cytometry we demonstrated that Aqp9 transcripts are expressed in microglial cells, albeit at lower concentrations than in astrocytes. The present analysis provides novel insight into the role of AQP9 in the brain and opens new avenues for research in the field of neuroinflammation and chronic neurodegenerative disease.

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Placental mediated mechanisms of perinatal brain injury

Jantzie

2022

Experimental Neurology

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Interaction of extraembryonic microglia and neonatal brain development

Cited by 5 publications

References 42 publications

Noradrenaline in Alzheimer’s Disease: A New Potential Therapeutic Target

Noradrenaline in Alzheimer’s Disease: A New Potential Therapeutic Target

Aquaporin-9 in the Brain Inflammatory Response: Evidence from Mice Injected with the Parkinsonogenic Toxin MPP+

Placental mediated mechanisms of perinatal brain injury

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