The bla FEZ-1 gene coding for the metallo--lactamase of Legionella (Fluoribacter) gormanii ATCC 33297T was overexpressed via a T7 expression system in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)(pLysS). The product was purified to homogeneity in two steps with a yield of 53%. The FEZ-1 metallo--lactamase exhibited a broad-spectrum activity profile, with a preference for cephalosporins such as cephalothin, cefuroxime, and cefotaxime. Monobactams were not hydrolyzed. The -lactamase was inhibited by metal chelators. FEZ-1 is a monomeric enzyme with a molecular mass of 29,440 Da which possesses two zinc-binding sites. Its zinc content did not vary in the pH range of 5 to 9, but the presence of zinc ions modified the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme. A model of the FEZ-1 three-dimensional structure was built.Metallo--lactamases (class B of the molecular classification of Ambler [1] or group 3 according to the functional classification of Bush et al. [6]) constitute a very heterogeneous family. Although their primary structures exhibit low degrees of sequence isology (38) (generally less than 43%), their threedimensional structures show high degrees of similarity (7,8,9,12,35). All class B -lactamases share five main characteristics (38): (i) they hydrolyze carbapenem compounds, (ii) they do not interact with monobactams, (iii) they are inhibited by chelating agents such as dipicolinic acid and 1,10-o-phenanthroline, (iv) they contain zinc ions as the naturally occurring cation, and (v) they exhibit two metal-binding sites.On the basis of structural analyses, these enzymes cluster into three different groups: subclass B1 contains most known zinc -lactamases (for example, BcII (33,36) and the Chryseobacterium meningosepticum GOB-1 (2) and the Legionella (Fluoribacter) gormanii FEZ-1 (4) metallo--lactamases.In the known crystal structures of metallo--lactamases, Zn-1 is tetrahedrally coordinated to three histidines and a water molecule. When present, Zn-2 interacts with three residues (a cysteine, an aspartic acid, and a histidine in the case of BcII, IMP-1, and CcrA or an aspartic acid and two histidines for L1) and two water molecules in a trigonal pyramid. In the di-zinc form, one water molecule is bridged between the metal ions.The enzymes of subclass B1 are monomeric proteins. They possess a broad-spectrum activity profile (10,13,14,20,26,40) and are inhibited by thiol compounds such as SB25566 (9,16,34). Interestingly, the mono-and di-zinc form of the BcII and CcrA enzymes are nearly equally active. Kinetic and spectroscopic studies indicated that for both forms a transient noncovalent intermediate is formed during the hydrolysis of the substrate.To date, no structure of a subclass B2 enzyme is available. For these -lactamases, the optimal activity is observed with the mono-zinc form. The second zinc ion behaves as a noncompetitive inhibitor (17). Only carbapenems are efficiently hydrolyzed by these enzymes (13), while all other -lactams are poor substrates. In addition, cephamycins and oxacephems behave as poor inact...