Interaction of alloys and intermetallic compounds obtained by mechanochemical methods with hydrogen

Konstanchuk, I.; Ivanov, E.; Болдырев, В. В.

doi:10.1070/rc1998v067n01abeh000368

Cited by 50 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The rate of hydrogen sorption for magnesiumcontaining alloys can be increased by converting them to the nanodispersed state. The authors of [8] observed improvement in sorption properties in an ultradispersed Mg − Ni system with rapid mechanochemical grinding [8]. The properties of amorphous alloys in the Mg − Cu − Y system, which has excellent glass-forming properties, have been studied [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hydrogen on the amorphous structure of the alloy Mg65Cu25Y10 under electrochemical saturation

Savyak

Gebert

Uhlemann

2004

Powder Metall Met Ceram

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541.138Thin ribbons of the metallic glass Mg 65 Cu 25 Y 10 , obtained by spinning, were saturated with atomic hydrogen from electrochemical decomposition of water. The maximum amount of absorbed hydrogen was 4 mass %. The hydrogen content was determined by hot extraction. We studied the microstructure of samples with different hydrogen contents by x-ray phase analysis (from the change in the diffuse maximum), atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. When the hydrogen content increases up to 3.6 mass %, the amorphous structure of the Mg 65 Cu 25 Y 10 alloy is converted to a nanocrystalline structure, with formation of magnesium and yttrium hydrides at room temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Hydrogen on the amorphous structure of the alloy Mg65Cu25Y10 under electrochemical saturation

Savyak

Gebert

Uhlemann

2004

Powder Metall Met Ceram

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“…In the initial hydrogenation stage, a hydride forms on the sample over the catalyst particles, the hydride layer being impermeable for hydrogen [3]. The higher the amount of catalyst that promotes the chemical adsorption of hydrogen on the surface (in this case nickel), the higher the probability of forming a continuous hydride film over the sample.…”

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“…Cathode (a) and anode (b) branches of potentiodynamic curves for the third hydrogenation cycle of alloy 1 electrodes containing 0.1 g active component: Ni content⎯10 (1, 2), 20(3,4), and 50% (5, 6); grinding for 15 min (1, 3, 5) and 1 h (2, 4, 6); 7-initial (without nickel) alloy (here and in Figs [2][3][4]. …”

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confidence: 99%

“…The sample with lower nickel content (10%) has better electrochemical and discharge characteristics than the samples containing 20 and 50% Ni. This is ascertained by the literature [3,4]. It is experimentally established in [3] that the optimal content of catalyst is usually between 2 and 25 wt.%.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This is ascertained by the literature [3,4]. It is experimentally established in [3] that the optimal content of catalyst is usually between 2 and 25 wt.%.…”

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Effect of vanadium on hydrogenation of mechanically treated zirconium-containing alloys

Solonin

Lavrenko

Galii

2010

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UDC 053.082.75Mechanical treatment of powders with additions of nickel to serve as a catalyst of the chemical adsorption of hydrogen is used to activate the hydrogenation of zirconium-containing alloys. Polarization curves are plotted to study the kinetics of electrochemical release and adsorption of hydrogen on zirconium alloys in which aluminum is replaced by vanadium. It is shown that the replacement is efficient and the maximum hydrogen capacity depends on the optimum concentration of the catalyst in the alloy.Zirconium-based alloys of AB 2 type (Laves phases) are promising materials for negative electrodes of nickel-metal-hydride accumulators. However, these alloys have numerous drawbacks that restrict their widespread use [1]. The major drawbacks include a need for additional treatment and activation of the alloys commonly covered with a thin film of oxides and hydroxides that prevent the chemical adsorption of hydrogen on their surface.To activate zirconium-based alloys, we used mechanical treatment (high-energy grinding) with nickel powder additions to activate the chemical adsorption of hydrogen in the hydrogenation process. To form a multicomponent material (effective hydrogen accumulator), the optimal concentration of a catalyst needs to be determined for hydrogen to reach the maximum concentration in the sample over a specific period of time. In addition, the sample should have a microstructure to ensure the maximum alloy-catalyst interface. To this end, zirconium-based alloy powder was ground using a DDR-GM 9458 vibrator ball mill for 15 min and then for 1 h with nickel additions (10, 20, and 50% of the electrode weight). The total weight of the active alloy component was 0.1 g.Electrochemical analyses of the samples were carried out at 25°C in a glass three-electrode cell with cathode and anode chambers separated in 30% KOH solution using a PI-50-1.1 potentiostat at a potential sweep rate of 2 mV/sec. The samples were cold-pressed from pallets (8 mm in diameter) in a nickel mesh. All potentials in this paper relate to a reference oxide-mercury electrode.Electrodes made of zirconium-based alloy with additions of chromium, manganese, and aluminum or vanadium were charged with a current of 200 mA for 5 h and discharged in nonequilibrium conditions with a current from 10 to 0.5 mA to reach a potential of 0.6 V.For a detailed analysis, we chose two alloys that slightly differed in chromium concentrations, one alloy containing aluminum and the other vanadium (Table 1). In both cases, nickel forms additional phases with zirconium [1]. The main phase component is a C 15 cubic structure of MgCu 2 type. Along with this phase, the test samples contain a substantial amount of a C 14 hexagonal phase of MgZn 2 type and secondary phases such as Zr 7 Ni 10 and Zr 9 Ni 11 intermetallides, which agrees with the phase diagram provided in [2].After the electrodes made of alloys 1 and 2 were ground and pressed, respective polarization curves were plotted to assess their electrochemical characteristics in situ and select...

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ChemInform Abstract: Interaction of Alloys and Intermetallic Compounds Obtained by Mechanochemical Methods with Hydrogen

1998

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Interaction of alloys and intermetallic compounds obtained by mechanochemical methods with hydrogen

Cited by 50 publications

References 60 publications

Effect of Hydrogen on the amorphous structure of the alloy Mg65Cu25Y10 under electrochemical saturation

Effect of Hydrogen on the amorphous structure of the alloy Mg65Cu25Y10 under electrochemical saturation

Effect of vanadium on hydrogenation of mechanically treated zirconium-containing alloys

ChemInform Abstract: Interaction of Alloys and Intermetallic Compounds Obtained by Mechanochemical Methods with Hydrogen

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