Interaction of Alkaline Metal Cations with Oxidic Surfaces: Effect on the Morphology of SnO₂Nanoparticles

Abstract

Reaction pathways to SnO(2) nanomaterials through the hydrolysis of hydrated tin tetrachloride precursors were investigated. The products were prepared solvothermally starting from hydrated tin tetrachloride and various (e.g., alkali) hydroxides. The influence of the precursor base on the final morphology of the nanomaterials was studied. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) data indicated the formation of rutile-type SnO(2). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies revealed different morphologies that were formed with different precursor base cations. Data from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide theoretical evidence that the adsorption of the cations of the precursor base to the faces of the growing SnO(2) nanocrystals is crucial for the morphology of the nanostructures.

The Antibacterial Activity of SnO2 Nanoparticles against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

“…No remarkable shift and no characteristic peaks for impurity, such as SnO, ZnSnO 3 , and Zn 2 SnO 4 in diffraction peak were detected. The surface energies of SnO 2 follow the trend (110) < (100) < (101) < (001), indicate the c-axis to be the preferential growth direction [20].…”

Europium fluoride based luminescent materials: From hydrogels to porous cryogels, and crystalline NaEuF4 and EuF3 micro/nanostructures

“…Besides, the cations (Na + vs NH 4 + ) may also contribute to the different PL properties of NaF-and NH 4 F-mediated cryogels. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the adsorption energy of Na + cations on the SnO 2 crystal faces is larger than that of NH 4 + , resulting in the preferential anisotropic one-dimensional growth in the presence of Na + ions [33]. Similarly, the possible high adsorption energy of Na + cations upon the europium fluoride complex may dilute the optically active ions in the cryogel host matrix, as usually a high concentration of optically active ions leads to a nonradiative decay (concentration quenching) [13].…”

A Comparative Study of Structural and Ethanol Gas Sensing Properties of Pure, Nickel and Palladium Doped SnO2 Nanorods Synthesised by the Hydrothermal Method

“…Meanwhile, for Ni:SnO 2 nanorods, as shown in Figure 3(d), the lattice fringe were found to be ~0.336 nm and ~0.331 nm, which were assigned to plane (110) tetragonal rutile indicating that the preferential growth direction was [001]. 26 Likewise, lattice spaces for Pd:SnO 2 , shown in Figure 3( 27 Also, the peaks of Sn 2+ 3d 5/2 and Sn 2+ 3d 3/2 were detected in Pd:SnO 2 samples, suggesting that Sn 4+ ions were partially reduced to Sn 2+ during the doping process. This observation is similar to a previous study by Aragón et al 20 On the other hand, the region of O 1s in Pd:SnO 2 could be de-convoluted into three different oxygen peaks.…”