Interaction of alkali salt promoters and silicon impurities in Rochow contact masses

Ehrich, Heike; Born, D.; Richter‐Mendau, J.; Lieske, H.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0739(199804)12:4<257::aid-aoc703>3.0.co;2-5

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…The η-Cu 3 Si acted only as potential active material. In this sense, the η-Cu 3 Si crystallites could be regarded as a precursor of noncrystalline Si-Cu intermetallics which was the true active material, all above accord with the explanation of H. Ehrich [29][30]. The XRD spectra of the contact mass which was from the maximum active period, did not detect the XRD diffraction peak due to η-Cu 3 Si (Fig.…”

Section: Results and Discussion 31 Effect Of Cucl Sourcesupporting

confidence: 71%

Effects of CuCl Source and Content on Direct Synthesis of Triethoxysilane from Silicon and Ethanol

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2011

AMR

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Effect of CuCl source and content on formation of triethoxysilane in the direct process is described and discussed. The two sources of CuCl and the contact masses from the reduction reaction by silicon and CuCl have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and N2 adsorption-desorption with a purpose of studying the reasons that different CuCl sources cause different reaction effect. We found Si-Cu intermetallics in proportion to the contact area between CuCl and Si. So CuCl with the characteristics of finer particles and high specific surface area is beneficial to form vast scale active Si-Cu intermetallics. The CuCl concentration on the performance of the catalytic reaction between silicon and ethanol was investigated by online gas chromatogram. The catalyst concentration greatly influences various aspects of the direct synthesis of triethoxysilane, including the induction time, the reaction rate, the selectivity and the silicon conversion. The reaction activity and yield of triethoxysilane increase as the catalyst concentration increases. However, the reaction selectivity decreases when the catalyst concentration is more than 5%, in this case the yield of triethoxysilane is slightly lower than 10% catalyst concentration.

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Section: Results and Discussion 31 Effect Of Cucl Sourcesupporting

confidence: 71%

Effects of CuCl Source and Content on Direct Synthesis of Triethoxysilane from Silicon and Ethanol

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2011

AMR

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“…The main function of the added Al was to dismantle the thin SiO 2 layer around the Si particle and to create more defects on the surface of Si. The alkali‐salt promoters enhance the activity by localizing the reaction to distinct reactive areas and keeping the surface area more “clean” for the reaction, probably because of the formation of catalytically active Cu−Si surface species . The addition of CeO 2 on the surface of CuO can drive some Cu 2+ ions on the surface to Cu + ions, thus generating certain oxygen vacancies which might be attributed to the promotion of catalytic performance .…”

Section: Chemistry: State‐of‐the‐artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Rochow‐Müller Process Research: Driving to Molecular Catalysis and to A More Sustainable Silicone Industry

et al. 2019

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The Rochow‐Müller process, an old process that has been known for more than seventy years, is for the direct synthesis of methylchlorosilane. However, due to its unique economic efficiency, it is still extremely important in silicone industry, e. g., about 90 % of starting materials for producing silicones are obtained by this route. Although significant progress has been made in exploring high‐efficient catalysts and understanding its mechanism, a quantitative description of this reaction is still far‐fetched due to its high complexity. In addition, sustainable use and recycling of by‐products and waste solid have become imperative nowadays due to the increasing demands for atom economy and environmental protection. This paper provides a comprehensive overview and insights into Rochow‐Müller process from its catalysis to sustainable issues, including the catalyst development and reaction mechanism investigation, waste reutilization and their derived products. In addition, several emerging novel processes originated from Rochow‐Müller process are summarized. Lastly, challenges and perspectives with respect to this reaction are discussed. We hope this work has accurately reflected and recorded the transition of Rochow‐Müller process to modern molecular catalysis, and can promote a much more sustainable silicone industry.

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Silicones

Butts

Cella

Wood

et al. 2002

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Silicon are a class of materials with unique properties that make them useful in a variety of applications of commercial interest and support a thriving global industry. This article updates a comprehensive survey of the chemistry and technology of silicones last published in Kirk‐Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology in 1997. The update contains more than 235 references not cited in the previous version and includes literature published through 2001. A new section dealing with fiber finishing applications has been included in the current version. The review provides an excellent primary reference for this interesting area of chemistry and technology.

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Interaction of alkali salt promoters and silicon impurities in Rochow contact masses

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of CuCl Source and Content on Direct Synthesis of Triethoxysilane from Silicon and Ethanol

Effects of CuCl Source and Content on Direct Synthesis of Triethoxysilane from Silicon and Ethanol

Recent Advances in Rochow‐Müller Process Research: Driving to Molecular Catalysis and to A More Sustainable Silicone Industry

Silicones

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