Interaction-Induced Shift of the Cyclotron Resonance of Graphene Using Infrared Spectroscopy

Henriksen, Erik; Cadden-Zimansky, Paul; Jiang, Zhigang; Li, Z. Q.; Tung, L. C.; Schwartz, Maurice L.; Takita, Maika; Wang, Y.-J.; Kim, Philip; Störmer, H. L.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.104.067404

Cited by 100 publications

(154 citation statements)

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“…In our case, the typical wavelength is one order of magnitude larger than the graphene disk diameter, and the dipole approximation is satisfied. Appearance of the higher order mode is therefore an indication of the breakdown of Kohn's theorem 23 .In slightly doped graphene under a strong magnetic field, this theorem is inherently inapplicable because of the linear band structure of graphene 28,29 . However, at higher 9 doping levels, the Landau levels near the Fermi surface are not well separated, and…”

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Infrared Spectroscopy of Tunable Dirac Terahertz Magneto-Plasmons in Graphene

et al. 2012

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Abstract:Boundaries and edges of a two dimensional system lower its symmetry and are usually regarded, from the point of view of charge transport, as imperfections. Here we present a first study of the behavior of graphene plasmons 1-6 in a strong magnetic field that provides a different perspective. We show that the plasmon resonance in micron size graphene disks 4,6 in a strong magnetic field splits into edge and bulk plasmon modes 7-12 with opposite dispersion relations, and that the edge plasmons at terahertz frequencies develop increasingly longer lifetimes with increasing magnetic field, in spite of potentially more defects close to the graphene edges. This unintuitive behavior is attributed to increasing quasi-one dimensional field-induced confinement and the resulting suppression of the back-scattering 13 .Due to the linear band structure of graphene 14,15 , the splitting rate of the edge and bulk modes develops a strong doping dependence, which differs from the behavior of traditional semiconductor two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) systems 7,8,11,16 .We also observe the appearance of a higher order mode indicating an anharmonic confinement potential 17 even in these well-defined circular disks. Our work not only 2 opens an avenue for studying the physics of graphene edges, but also supports the great potential of graphene for tunable terahertz magneto-optical devices. Main text:Plasmon excitations in graphene are currently attracting great attention [1][2][3][4][5][6]12 . This is primarily due to the high carrier mobility and the tunable carrier density, which make graphene a promising plasmonic material in the far infrared and terahertz frequency ranges 1,2,5,6,18 . Unlike metal plasmons 19 , the graphene plasmon is expected to be strongly affected by an external magnetic field due to a comparable cyclotron frequency 20-22 and plasmon frequency. The effects of a perpendicular magnetic field on the plasmons in conventional 2DEG systems have been extensively studied [7][8][9][10][11]17,23,24 . A major focus of these studies has been localized plasmons in disks 7 and submicron size quantum dots 8,17,23 .Here we report the first study of magneto-plasmons in micron size disk arrays of graphene-a different kind two dimensional system. We find that the plasmon lifetime can be dramatically modified by a magnetic field. This is especially true for the edge mode, which develops a much longer lifetime than that at zero field. This behavior is counterintuitive since imperfections of the edges may introduce more scattering and decrease the plasmon lifetime. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of magnetic field tuning of plasmon lifetime in the terahertz frequency range.Large area graphene disk arrays on SiO 2 /Si are fabricated using standard electron beam lithography and dry etching techniques (for details, see Methods) 6 . Fig. 1a shows a 3 scanning electron micrograph of a sample with a 3-micron diameter (d = 3 m) disk array arranged in a triangular lattice, where the lattice constan...

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“…In slightly doped graphene under a strong magnetic field, this theorem is inherently inapplicable because of the linear band structure of graphene 28,29 . However, at higher 9 doping levels, the Landau levels near the Fermi surface are not well separated, and…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared Spectroscopy of Tunable Dirac Terahertz Magneto-Plasmons in Graphene

et al. 2012

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“…Indeed, the 2DES in graphene may represent a novel two-dimensional (2D) Fermi liquid with unusual e-e interaction physics. Recent observations of the fractional quantum Hall effect at Landau level filling =1/3 [60][61][62], manybody originated  = ±1 states [63], and the e-e interaction-induced shift in the cyclotron resonance measurements [64] demonstrate that a yet rich, e-e interaction induced many-body physics still waits to be discovered in graphene at high magnetic (B) fields.…”

Section: Electron-electron Interaction In High Quality Epitaxial Grapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling graphene nanoelectronics.

Pan¹,

Ohta²,

Biedermann³

et al. 2011

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Recent work has shown that graphene, a 2D electronic material amenable to the planar semiconductor fabrication processing, possesses tunable electronic material properties potentially far superior to metals and other standard semiconductors. Despite its phenomenal electronic properties, focused research is still required to develop techniques for depositing and synthesizing graphene over large areas, thereby enabling the reproducible mass-fabrication of graphene-based devices. To address these issues, we combined an array of growth approaches and characterization resources to investigate several innovative and synergistic approaches for the synthesis of high quality graphene films on technologically relevant substrate (SiC and metals). Our work focused on developing the fundamental scientific understanding necessary to generate large-area graphene films that exhibit highly uniform electronic properties and record carrier mobility, as well as developing techniques to transfer graphene onto other substrates.4

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“…52 Many-body corrections to cyclotron resonance due to the interaction with the Dirac sea were calculated by Shizuya. 55 Infrared absorption data by Jiang et al 56 and Henriksen et al 57 indicate a contribution from many-body effects to the interLandau level transitions in these states.…”

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confidence: 99%

Theory of inter-Landau-level magnetoexcitons in bilayer graphene

Sári

Tőke

2013

Phys. Rev. B

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If bilayer graphene is placed in a strong perpendicular magnetic field, several quantum Hall plateaus are observed at low enough temperatures. Of these, the σxy = 4ne 2 /h sequence (n = 0) is explained by standard Landau quantization, while the other integer plateaus arise due to interactions. The low-energy excitations in both cases are magnetoexcitons, whose dispersion relation depends on single-and many-body effects in a complicated manner. Analyzing the magnetoexciton modes in bilayer graphene, we find that the mixing of different Landau level transitions not only renormalizes them, but essentially changes their spectra and orbital character at finite wave length. These predictions can be probed in inelastic light scattering experiments.

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Interaction-Induced Shift of the Cyclotron Resonance of Graphene Using Infrared Spectroscopy

Cited by 100 publications

References 42 publications

Infrared Spectroscopy of Tunable Dirac Terahertz Magneto-Plasmons in Graphene

Infrared Spectroscopy of Tunable Dirac Terahertz Magneto-Plasmons in Graphene

Enabling graphene nanoelectronics.

Theory of inter-Landau-level magnetoexcitons in bilayer graphene

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