Interaction in Linear versus Logistic Models: A Substantive Illustration Using the Relationship between Motivation, Ability, and Performance

Ganzach, Yoav; Saporta, Ishak; Weber, Yaacov

doi:10.1177/109442810033002

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Th e statistical procedures for determining the presence of mediator and moderator eff ects are intuitive and straightforward for models with continuous dependent variables ( Aguinis 2004; Baron and Kenny 1986 ), binary dependent variables ( Ganzach, Saporta, and Weber 2000 ), and ordinal dependent variables ( Jaccard 2001 ), such as those used here. Nonetheless, establishing those eff ects requires a several-step process, which is briefl y described here.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penetrating the Performance Predicament: Communication as a Mediator or Moderator of Organizational Culture’s Impact on Public Organizational Performance

Garnett

Marlowe

Pandey

2008

Public Administration Review

120

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Th e role of communication in public administration has been emphasized over time in public administration theory. Nonetheless, communication -with the exception of political communication -has been neglected in scholarship. Garnett's performance predicament posits the diffi culty of showing linkages between communication and performance. Th is paper explores the role that communication plays in achieving organizational performance through a review of research that bears on communication's direct and indirect infl uences on performance. Th e primary thrust is communication's indirect role in achieving performance by mediating or moderating the eff ects of organizational culture on performance, thereby adding another perspective on the cultureperformance relationship. Adapting the typology of Zammuto and Krakower, two types of organizational culture -rule-oriented culture and mission-oriented culture -are examined to explore how the relationship between organizational culture and organizational performance is infl uenced by communication. Th e analysis supports the claim that communication acts as a metamechanism for shaping and imparting culture in mission-oriented organizational cultures, thereby infl uencing performance. In particular, task orientation, feedback, and upward communication have positive eff ects on perceived organizational performance in mission-oriented organizations but potentially negative eff ects on performance in rule-oriented cultures. O ver the years, some public administration scholars and practitioners have paid attention to communication ( Downs Simon, Smithburg and Th ompson 1950 ). But for years, a mismatch has existed between the conventional wisdom that communication is the central management function most crucial to administrative success ( Barnard 1938 ; Garnett 2005 ; Lorch 1978 ) and the attention andrespect that communication has received within the public administration community in terms of scholarship and teaching. A major reason for this "respect gap" is inadequate research evidence linking communication with performance. Th is gap is partly attributable to what Garnett calls the performance predicament: "Th e costs of government communication are generally easier to measure than are its benefi ts, making it diffi cult to demonstrate a favorable performance ratio" ( 1997b , 10). Because of the diffi culty of measuring communication performance, researchers have been reluctant to tackle it head on, instead researching communication media, processes, and other aspects. At the heart of this predicament is the nature of the relationship between communication and performance. Communication's powerful, indirect infl uences on performance have remained, by and large, below the radar of public administration scholarship.Th is research more fully explores communication's indirect infl uence on performance through its eff ects on organizational culture -a variable that has been shown to infl uence performance and one that is profoundly shaped by communication. We explore whether com...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penetrating the Performance Predicament: Communication as a Mediator or Moderator of Organizational Culture’s Impact on Public Organizational Performance

Garnett

Marlowe

Pandey

2008

Public Administration Review

120

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“…We estimated predicted mean of each knowledge or practice indicator by time and study arm and compared the change between baseline and endline by study arm, controlling for maternal and household background characteristics described above. Linear probability regression models were used to test the null hypothesis that the difference-in-difference was zero [27]. Robust standard errors were adjusted for clustering on each union.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial of a Package of Community-Based Maternal and Newborn Interventions in Mirzapur, Bangladesh

et al. 2010

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BackgroundTo evaluate a delivery strategy for newborn interventions in rural Bangladesh.MethodsA cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted in Mirzapur, Bangladesh. Twelve unions were randomized to intervention or comparison arm. All women of reproductive age were eligible to participate. In the intervention arm, community health workers identified pregnant women; made two antenatal home visits to promote birth and newborn care preparedness; made four postnatal home visits to negotiate preventive care practices and to assess newborns for illness; and referred sick neonates to a hospital and facilitated compliance. Primary outcome measures were antenatal and immediate newborn care behaviours, knowledge of danger signs, care seeking for neonatal complications, and neonatal mortality.FindingsA total of 4616 and 5241 live births were recorded from 9987 and 11153 participants in the intervention and comparison arm, respectively. High coverage of antenatal (91% visited twice) and postnatal (69% visited on days 0 or 1) home visitations was achieved. Indicators of care practices and knowledge of maternal and neonatal danger signs improved. Adjusted mortality hazard ratio in the intervention arm, compared to the comparison arm, was 1.02 (95% CI: 0.80–1.30) at baseline and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.68–1.12) at endline. Primary causes of death were birth asphyxia (49%) and prematurity (26%). No adverse events associated with interventions were reported.ConclusionLack of evidence for mortality impact despite high program coverage and quality assurance of implementation, and improvements in targeted newborn care practices suggests the intervention did not adequately address risk factors for mortality. The level and cause-structure of neonatal mortality in the local population must be considered in developing interventions. Programs must ensure skilled care during childbirth, including management of birth asphyxia and prematurity, and curative postnatal care during the first two days of life, in addition to essential newborn care and infection prevention and management.Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT00198627

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“…The analysis was performed hierarchically, because in logistic regression analysis, regression weights and significance tests of predictors can not be interpreted as main effects when their products (interaction terms) are also predictors in the analysis (Jaccard, 2001). Because interactions in logistic regression analysis might lead to inconsistencies between interpretation of proportions (which fit with how humans tend to think about effects) and interpretation of logits (i.e., the natural logarithms of the odds for those proportions, which fit with the estimated parameters in logistic regression; Ganzach, Saporta & Weber, 2000), the amount of cooperation is given both in proportions and in logits of cooperative choice. The results are presented in Table 1 (regression weights, odds ratios, and significance tests) and Table 2 (proportions and logits).…”

Section: Cooperationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Framing prisoners and chickens: Valence effects in the prisoner’s dilemma and the chicken game

Heus

Hoogervorst

Dijk

2010

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

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Interaction in Linear versus Logistic Models: A Substantive Illustration Using the Relationship between Motivation, Ability, and Performance

Cited by 35 publications

References 48 publications

Penetrating the Performance Predicament: Communication as a Mediator or Moderator of Organizational Culture’s Impact on Public Organizational Performance

Penetrating the Performance Predicament: Communication as a Mediator or Moderator of Organizational Culture’s Impact on Public Organizational Performance

Evaluation of a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial of a Package of Community-Based Maternal and Newborn Interventions in Mirzapur, Bangladesh

Framing prisoners and chickens: Valence effects in the prisoner’s dilemma and the chicken game

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