Interaction effect: Are you doing the right thing?

Garofalo, Sara; Giovagnoli, Sara; Orsoni, Matteo; Starita, Francesca; Benassi, Mariagrazia

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0271668

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(126 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Partial eta‐squared (

{normalη}_{normalp}^{2}

) and its 90% confidence interval (CI) were computed as estimates of effect sizes for the ANOVAs' main effects and interactions (Lakens, 2013). In case of significant interactions, interpretation was based on the model estimated marginal means and 95% CI (although means and 95% CI calculated from the raw data are reported in the text and in the plots) (Garofalo et al, 2022). A statistical significance threshold of p < .05 was adopted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theta and alpha power track the acquisition and reversal of threat predictions and correlate with skin conductance response

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ability to flexibly adjust one's threat predictions to meet the current environmental contingencies is crucial to survival. Nevertheless, its neural oscillatory correlates remain elusive in humans. Here, we tested whether changes in theta and alpha brain oscillations mark the updating of threat predictions and correlate with response of the peripheral nervous system. To this end, electroencephalogram and electrodermal activity were recorded in a group of healthy adults, who completed a Pavlovian threat conditioning task that included an acquisition and a reversal phase. Both theta and alpha power discriminated between threat and safety, with each frequency band showing unique patterns of modulations during acquisition and reversal. While changes in midcingulate theta power may learn the timing of an upcoming danger, alpha power may reflect the preparation of the somato‐motor system. Additionally, ventromedial prefrontal cortex theta may play a role in the inhibition of previously acquired threat responses, when they are no longer appropriate. Finally, theta and alpha power correlated with skin conductance response, establishing a direct relationship between activation of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Taken together these results highlight the existence of multiple oscillatory systems that flexibly regulate their activity for the successful expression of threat responses in an ever‐changing environment.

show abstract

“…Partial eta‐squared (

{normalη}_{normalp}^{2}

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theta and alpha power track the acquisition and reversal of threat predictions and correlate with skin conductance response

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, this approach has several limitations, most prominently, it increases other sources of error, like the chance of false negatives (type II error). It has been argued that correcting for multiple comparisons is more appropriate when carrying out exploratory correlations (not hypothesis-driven) than when carrying out hypothesis-driven correlations, as in our case (for more on this, see 28 ). As this is a matter of debate, we have reported both corrected and uncorrected p-values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Temporal dynamics of the Rubber Hand Illusion

Finotti

Garofalo

Costantini

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is widely accepted that the representation of the body is not fixed and immutable, but rather flexible and constantly updated based on a continuous stream of multisensory information. This mechanism can be very useful to adapt to several situations, but it would not be adaptive if the body representation was too malleable or if it wasn’t capable of restoring its integrity after a transient modification. Here we used the Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) to investigate how quickly the body representation can be modified. Previous studies have investigated the timing of the onset and offset of the illusion, however, they did not assess a fine temporal resolution. Here, we used a potentiometer to record a moment-by-moment rating of the feeling of owning the RH for two minutes during the visuo-tactile stimulation and two minutes following the stimulation. Our results suggest that the feeling of Ownership is already established during the first 19 s of stimulation then it continues to grow, but at a much slower pace. The feeling of Ownership disappears within 66 s from the end of the stimulation. This work sheds new light on the temporal dynamics of the RHI and the malleability of the body self-consciousness.

show abstract

“…A mixed‐factorial analysis of co‐variance (ANCOVA) examined how video type (single vs. consensus) and condition (Tower Building vs. Marshmallow Collecting) affected the total number of marshmallows collected by children with age as a covariate (see Figure 3). There was a significant interaction effect of video type on condition ( F [1, 64] = 4.59, p = .036,

{η_{normalp}}^{2}

= 0.07), indicating that video type elicited more difference between conditions when observing a single model compared with when observing a group consensus (interpretation based on model estimated marginal means and 95% confidence intervals as shown in Figure 4, see Garofalo et al, 2022). There was no significant main effect of video type ( F [1, 64] = 0.36, p = .552) or condition ( F [1, 64] = 0.53, p = .469), nor a significant effect of age ( F [1, 64] = 1.63, p = .206).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do children imitate even when it is costly? New insights from a novel task

Zhao,

Fong,

Whiten

et al. 2023

British J of Dev Psycho

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Children have a proclivity to learn through faithful imitation, but the extent to which this applies under significant cost remains unclear. To address this, we investigated whether 4‐ to 6‐year‐old children (N = 97) would stop imitating to forego a desirable food reward. We presented participants with a task involving arranging marshmallows and craft sticks, with the goal being either to collect marshmallows or build a tower. Children replicated the demonstrated actions with high fidelity regardless of the goal, but retrieved rewards differently. Children either copied the specific actions needed to build a tower, prioritizing tower completion over reward; or adopted a novel convention of stacking materials before collecting marshmallows, and developed their own method to achieve better outcomes. These results suggest children's social learning decisions are flexible and context‐dependent, yet that when framed by an ostensive goal, children imitated in adherence to the goal despite incurring significant material costs.

show abstract

Interaction effect: Are you doing the right thing?

Cited by 28 publications

References 66 publications

Theta and alpha power track the acquisition and reversal of threat predictions and correlate with skin conductance response

Theta and alpha power track the acquisition and reversal of threat predictions and correlate with skin conductance response

Temporal dynamics of the Rubber Hand Illusion

Do children imitate even when it is costly? New insights from a novel task

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About