Interaction between parathyroid hormone and endogenous estrogen in normal women

Buchanan, J.R.; Santen, Richard J.; Cavaliere, A; Cauffman, Susanne W.; Greer, Robert B.; Demers, Laurence M.

doi:10.1016/0026-0495(86)90003-x

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…We were unable to detect a rhythm in serum PTH, which is consistent with several human studies [3,[8][9][10], although some investigators have found an increase in PTH in the mid-follicular phase [2,6,7]. Interestingly, Thys-Jacobs and Alver [24] found an increase in mid-cycle PTH in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), but not in healthy women.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…For example, exogenous estrogen increases intestinal calcium absorption, and it has been shown in rats that intestinal calcium absorp- tion is maximal at the time of ovulation [17]. Though increased absorption may be related to increases in calcitriol during the periovulatory period that some investigators have reported [9,18,19], recent evidence suggests that estrogen increases intestinal absorption independently of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Similarly, bone resorption markers have been reported to peak around the time of ovulation when estrogen is maximal (urinary CrossLaps and D-pyridinoline [2]) or during the luteal phase (serum ICTP [4]). Some investigators have found an increase in serum PTH in the mid-follicular phase [2,6,7], whereas others have been unable to detect a rhythm [3,[8][9][10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

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Changes in Bone Turnover During the Menstrual Cycle in Cynomolgus Monkeys

Hotchkiss

Brommage

2000

Calcified Tissue International

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It is well established that estrogen deficiency at menopause results in increased bone turnover, which is reflected in increased concentrations of markers of bone formation and bone resorption in serum and urine. Since serum 17beta-estradiol concentrations vary markedly throughout the menstrual cycle, one would expect to see changes in bone turnover as well. Studies in humans have not yielded consistent results, perhaps because of differences in diet and activity throughout the test period. Therefore, we examined changes in bone biomarkers throughout the menstrual cycle in cynomolgus macaques. Seven intact female cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) were evaluated. Vaginal swabs for menstrual blood were performed 3 times/week to determine the stage of the reproductive cycle. Blood and urine were collected at weekly or biweekly intervals for a total of eight samples per monkey for analysis of serum 17beta-estradiol, progesterone, parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), and urinary CrossLapstrade mark. Cycle lengths were determined, and collection days were adjusted to a standardized length of 28 days for all monkeys. Values for bone biomakers were evaluated as % mean for each monkey cycle. By fitting the data to a sine wave (cosinor analysis), serum osteocalcin, BSAP, and urinary CrossLaps demonstrated significant cycles with peaks at days 2.6, 7.3, and 27.8, respectively. Serum osteocalcin and urinary CrossLaps were inversely correlated to serum 17beta-estradiol. Urinary CrossLaps were significantly lower in the week just prior to and during ovulation when estradiol was elevated. No rhythm was detected in serum PTH. A peak in bone resorption when serum 17beta-estradiol is at its nadir is consistent with the hypothesis that estrogen decreases bone turnover.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Changes in Bone Turnover During the Menstrual Cycle in Cynomolgus Monkeys

Hotchkiss

Brommage

2000

Calcified Tissue International

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“…Elevated plasma levels of the active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D (calcitriol), have been commonly observed during physiologic states of increased circulating estrogen (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) and during administration of either oral contraceptive medications (4) or postmenopausal estrogens (1). However, since estrogen also increases the production of vitamin D binding protein (6,7), an increase in total calcitriol is not necessarily accompanied by a rise in the biologically effective free level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of estrogen on circulating "free" and total 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and on the parathyroid-vitamin D axis in postmenopausal women.

Cheema¹,

Grant²,

Marcus³

1989

J. Clin. Invest.

147

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We evaluated the effect of estrogens on "free" and total calcitriol levels and on the calcitriol response to a hypocalcemic challenge in 12 postmenopausal women, age 55-74 yr. Endogenous calcitriol production was induced by intravenous Na-EDTA before and after conjugated estrogens, 1.25 mg/d for 30 d. Free calcitriol was determined by centrifugal ultrafiltration and by the molar ratio of calcitriol to vitamin D-binding protein (DBP). Estrogen increased fasting total calcitriol from 38.5±3.8 to 62.3±7.0 pg/ml (P < 0.05). This was accompanied by a rise in free calcitriol from 104.5±11.4 to 158.7±16.4 fg/ml (P < 0.05). Vitamin D-binding protein increased from 348±16 to 428±12 jig/ml (P < 0.001), and the ratio of calcitriol/DBP increased from 1.50±0.14 to 1.94±0.18 (P < 0.005), confirming the rise in free calcitriol. Increases in free calcitriol and in calcitriol/DBP ratios were significantly correlated, r = 0.72. Hypocalcemia led to a rapid increase in circulating immunoreactive parathyroid hormone, and to a rise in calcitriol at 24 h. The hypocalcemia-induced rise in total and free calcitriol was similar before and after estrogen, whether expressed as increments or as percent changes. We conclude that estrogen increases circulating levels of biologically active free calcitriol in postmenopausal women, but that a 30-d period of estrogen administration does not apparently improve the renal la-hydroxylase response to a PTH challenge.

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“…9,10 Similarly, Tjellesen et al and Buchanan et al noted increased 1, 25 (OH) 2 D concentrations when serum estrogen levels peaked. 11,12 Chiu et al demonstrated that PTH was negatively correlated with estradiol. 13 Animal investigations in rodents, chicks, and quails have also provided evidence supporting cyclical changes in calcium metabolism during the oestrous cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on the relation between sex steroids and divalent cations in women of menopausal and reproductive age group

Sukumaran¹

2016

Int J Res Med Sci

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INTRODUCTIONMenopause is the time when permanent cessation of menstruation occurs following the loss of ovarian activity. The years prior to menopause that encompasses the change from normal ovulatory cycles to cessation of menses are known as peri-menopausal transitional years. It takes twelve months of amenorrhea to confirm that menopause has set in and therefore it is a retrospective diagnosis.During menopause, the levels of estrogen and progesterone are very low. In menopausal women the levels of Mg 2+ were sufficiently higher than the levels seen in normal cycling women. It was concluded that Mg 2+ level was inversely and significantly related to serum estrogen levels in menopausal women and in reproductive age group.It has been well documented that during the menopausal stage of a women's life, bone metabolism is increased to a point where breakdown is more prevalent than build up. ABSTRACTBackground: Menopause is the time when permanent cessation of menstruation occurs following the loss of ovarian activity. Though there is a relation between the divalent cations and sex hormones, and the lack of sufficient literature on their relation with sex hormones, the present study was conducted to compare and correlate the relation between levels of sex hormones and divalent cations in normal healthy menopausal women and the different phases of menstrual cycle in healthy women of reproductive age group. Methods: The study was performed after institutional ethical clearance and informed consent from all the subjects. The study included three groups of 30 subjects each of reproductive age and postmenopausal women with less than 10 years of menopause and more than 10 years of menopause. Blood samples were obtained from the control group, one each in early follicular phase, ovulatory phase and during luteal phase for estimation of calcium, magnesium and the level of sex hormones and compared with that of postmenopausal group using commercially available kit. The values are expressed as mean ± S.D. The comparison between the different phases of menstrual cycle in reproductive age group with menopausal women was performed using student t test. Correlation between different parameters were done using Pearson correlation test. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The correlation of progesterone with magnesium and calcium/magnesium ratio in women of reproductive age group was significant. The correlation of estrogen with calcium and magnesium in women more than 10 years after menopause was found to be significant. Conclusions: A low level of estrogen supplementation may be more acceptable, because of its negative correlation with serum magnesium, and thus helping to maintain an adequate protective level of Mg 2+ circulating in the blood. Therefore, it is necessary for maintaining optimum Ca

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Interaction between parathyroid hormone and endogenous estrogen in normal women

Cited by 33 publications

References 33 publications

Changes in Bone Turnover During the Menstrual Cycle in Cynomolgus Monkeys

Changes in Bone Turnover During the Menstrual Cycle in Cynomolgus Monkeys

Effects of estrogen on circulating "free" and total 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and on the parathyroid-vitamin D axis in postmenopausal women.

A study on the relation between sex steroids and divalent cations in women of menopausal and reproductive age group

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