Interaction between Meloidogyne incognita and Rhizoctonia solani on green beans

Abstract

The interaction between Meloidogyne incognita (race 2) and Rhizoctonia solani (AG 4) in a root rot disease complex of green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) was examined in a greenhouse pot experiment. Three week-old seedlings (cv. Contender) were inoculated with the nematode and/or the fungus in different combinations and sequences. Two months after last nematode inoculation, the test was terminated and data were recorded. The synchronized inoculation by both pathogens (N + F) increased the index of Rhizoctonia root rot and the number of root galls; and suppressed plant growth, compared to controls. However, the severity of root rot and suppression of plant growth were greater and more evident when inoculation by the nematode preceded the fungus (N → F) by two weeks. Nematode reproduction (eggs/g root) was adversely affected by the presence of the fungus except by the synchronized inoculation. When inoculation by nematode preceded the fungus, plant growth was severely suppressed and roots were highly damaged and rotted leading to a decrease of root galls and eggs.

Variations in Growth, Physiology, and Antioxidative Defense Responses of Two Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Cultivars after Co-Infection of Fusarium oxysporum and Meloidogyne incognita

“…On the other hand, Mi introduced several compounds into the roots, such as flavonoids and proteins; and also introduced carbohydrates into the root galls, exciting the other soil-borne pathotypes that cause disease. Similar findings were reported by Al-Hazm et al [46] in green beans roots.…”

“…Fusarium wilt on tomato plants transformed into the most devasting disease in combined infection with root-knot nematode [45]. Rhizoctonia root rot was the more severe in the presence of Meloidogyne incognita in green beans [46]. Sever symptoms on aerial parts of olive plants were observed when a non-defoliant strain of the fungus (SS-4) of Verticillumdhaliae and the root-knot nematode were inoculated simultaneously [47].…”

Status of Root-Knot Nematode (<i>Meloidogyne</i> Species) and Fusarium Wilt (<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>) Disease Complex on Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) in the Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia

“…their nature of interaction. However, greenhouse experiments elsewhere in the world reported the synergistic effects of different soil-born pathogens and Meloidogyne species on a range of host plants, Al-Hazmi and Al-Nadary [32]; Ansari et al [33]; Golden and van Gundy [34]; Kumar [35]; Kumar [36]; Lobna et al [21] and Onkendi [37]. Fusarium wilt-RKN disease complex is one of the most widely recognized and economically important diseases in the world, Wanjohi et al [38]) as they both affect the function of the root system.…”

Interaction effect between Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici on selected tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes

“…The increase of fusarium wilt severity in the presence of M. incognita may be due to the fact that infection by this endo-parasitic nematode (M. incognita), whether prior to the fungal infection (N1F2) or simultaneously (NF), causes physiological and anatomical changes in the root tissues predisposing the plants to increased fungal infection (Al-Hazmi and AL-Nadary, 2015). This result is also in line with the finding of Katsantonis et al (2003) on which invasion of the roots of cotton by M. incognita enhanced disease severity, as measured by the height of vascular browning in the stem, following inoculation of F. oxysporum f.sp.…”