Interaction between Maturation and High Relative Humidity Treatments and their Effects on Germination of Sitka Spruce Somatic Embryos

Roberts, Dane R.; Lazaroff, Wayne R.; Webster, Fiona B.

doi:10.1016/s0176-1617(11)80720-0

Cited by 55 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The maturation frequency and the quality of embryo produced are the key criteria for the optimization of an efficient plant regeneration system via somatic embryogenesis. The cotyledonary somatic embryos of the Hinoki and Sawara cypress readily germinated after transfer to a PGR-free medium without any kind of post-maturation treatment, as was previously reported as necessary to promote the germination of somatic embryos of some other species (Roberts et al, 1990b;Roberts et al, 1991;Kong and Yeung, 1992;Kong and Yeung, 1995;Jones and van Staden, 2001). Thus, most of the germinants developed epycotyl and grew into normal plants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Somatic Embryogenesis and Efficient Plant Regeneration in Japanese Cypresses

Maruyama¹,

Hosoi²

2012

Embryogenesis

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Somatic Embryogenesis and Efficient Plant Regeneration in Japanese Cypresses

Maruyama¹,

Hosoi²

2012

Embryogenesis

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“…In the case of somatic embryos, which are sensitive to severe water loss, a much lower decrease of moisture content is enough (about 5 %) to achieve proper germination (Roberts et al , 1991. Roberts et al (1991), for example, improved germination and post-germinative growth and development of Picea sitchensis (sitka spruce) after reducing the moisture content by 15 %. Somatic embryos of different spruce species may respond in different ways to desiccation treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid problems with germination of somatic embryos of conifers, some researchers subjected them to partial drying at high relative humidity (Roberts et al , 1991Attree et al 1995;Find 1997;Jones and van Staden 2001) or desiccation in the presence of supersaturated solutions of salt Lelu et al 1995;Dronne et al 1997). These treatments result in dehydration of the embryos to varying extents and, consequently, improved efficiency of their germination and conversion into seedlings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of partial drying and desiccation on somatic seedling quality in Norway and Serbian spruce

et al. 2014

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Somatic embryo quality is still a problem for many researchers. To improve the efficiency of germination, special procedures are used, such as partial drying of somatic embryos at high relative humidity or desiccation in the presence of supersaturated solutions of salt. In this work, cotyledonary somatic embryos of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Serbian spruce (P. omorika) were placed on culture media (ME or BM-5) to germinate. We found that after 4 weeks of incubation on these media, hypocotyl and radicle growth of control (non-dried) somatic embryos of both species was not adequate to yield seedlings able to acclimatize to greenhouse conditions. Therefore, somatic embryos were partly dried at relative humidity of 97 % or desiccated at relative humidity of 79 %, for 2 or 3 weeks, and then placed on the Margara (ME) medium. Partial drying of somatic embryos at the higher relative humidity (97 %) enabled an improvement of radicle growth of germinating somatic embryos in both species. The highest conversion rate (45 %) was obtained for embryos of Norway spruce maintained for 2 weeks at relative humidity of 97 %. This treatment contributed to the improvement of germination and conversion efficiency of somatic embryos of Norway spruce, regardless of the drying period. Improved radicle growth facilitated development of better quality seedlings of this spruce species. In Serbian spruce, we did not obtain seedlings of sufficient quality, due to poor hypocotyl growth. Desiccation at humidity of 79 % for 3 weeks proved to be lethal to somatic embryos of both species.

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“…Currently, a significant part of tree somatic embryogenesis research is focused on tree development, starting from the induction of somatic embryos and finishing with the acclimation of the developed somatic seedlings to natural conditions. In trees, somatic embryogenesis is a highly complex process (Roberts et al, 1991;Bozhkov et al, 2002;Hazubska-Przybył & Bojarczuk, 2008) and is often difficult to trigger (Hazubska-Przybył et al, 2015). Somatic embryogenesis is divided into several steps: culture initiation, proliferation, maturation and in vitro germination.…”

Section: Micropropagation By Somatic Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Mature embryos (at the cotyledonary stage), after drying in high relative humidity (Roberts et al, 1991) or pre-germination cold treatment (Liao & Juan, 2015) and finally after transfer onto the germination medium, may convert into somatic seedlings (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Micropropagation By Somatic Embryogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree somatic embryogenesis in science and forestry

Hazubska-Przybył

Bojarczuk

2016

Dendrobiology

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Somatic embryogenesis is the latest, and potentially the most efficient, method for the vegetative micropropagation of plants. Over the past three decades, numerous laboratory studies have investigated somatic embryogenesis of forest trees, yielding positive results for a number of economically important tree species. The first test trials were run and plantations were planted with interior spruce in the 90s by CellFor Inc. (Canada). However, at the beginning of the XXI century, the program to produce spruce and Douglas fir somatic seedlings was stopped for economic reasons. Thus, currently no operational program is ongoing except on a small scale in New Brunswick. In order to integrate somatic embryogenesis technology into operational reforestation programs, the production costs of forest tree somatic seedlings needs to be reduced, and the awareness of foresters and forest landowners that the material obtained through somatic embryogenesis is valuable needs to be increased. This awareness would enable implementation of this technology on a large scale for production and forest management throughout Europe including Poland. In this review, the importance of somatic embryogenesis in scientific research and in global and European forestry is presented. Our main aims are to provide basic information on the challenges in researching somatic embryogenesis of forest trees and to raise interest in this tree propagation technique in both scientists and foresters.

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Interaction between Maturation and High Relative Humidity Treatments and their Effects on Germination of Sitka Spruce Somatic Embryos

Cited by 55 publications

References 24 publications

Somatic Embryogenesis and Efficient Plant Regeneration in Japanese Cypresses

Somatic Embryogenesis and Efficient Plant Regeneration in Japanese Cypresses

Effect of partial drying and desiccation on somatic seedling quality in Norway and Serbian spruce

Tree somatic embryogenesis in science and forestry

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