Interaction and Performance Correlates of Machiavellianism

Hacker, Sally L.; Gaitz, Charles M.

doi:10.1111/j.1533-8525.1970.tb02078.x

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Consistent with the personality and individual difference literature (Hacker & Gaitz, 1970;Kastner & Sellbom, 2012) and common vernacular for impersonal sexuality (Banks, 2018;McGreal, 2017;Ni, 2015;Persaud & Bruggen, 2015), participants were classified as impersonal in their approach to sex if they indicated that they had ever used others for sex. This demarcation of impersonal sexuality according to using others for sex is also consistent with Malamuth et al (2021) use of items assessing casual, emotionless sex to demarcate impersonal sexuality (e.g., "I could enjoy having sex with someone I was attracted to physically, even if I didn't feel anything emotionally for that person").…”

Section: Impersonal Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pornography, impersonal sex, and sexual aggression: A test of the confluence model in a national probability sample of men in the U.S.

Wright

Paul

Herbenick

2021

Aggressive Behavior

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This paper reports findings on men's exposure to extreme pornography, impersonal sexuality, and sexual aggression from the National Survey of Porn Use, Relationships, and Sexual Socialization, a U.S. population-based probability study. Despite Malamuth's confluence model (CM) of sexual aggression positing that an impersonal approach to sex interacts with exposure to pornography to predict the likelihood of committing sexual assault, only a few studies have actually tested this prediction.Additionally, the data from the only previous nationally representative study were gathered more than 30 years ago. Results of the present study generally supported the CM. Extreme pornography exposure and impersonal sexuality were both associated with a higher probability of sexual aggression. Although impersonal sex was

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Section: Impersonal Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pornography, impersonal sex, and sexual aggression: A test of the confluence model in a national probability sample of men in the U.S.

Wright

Paul

Herbenick

2021

Aggressive Behavior

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“…Tests of the task acts indicated that as low Mach membership in the group increased, task activity increased. These results seem incongruent with Hacker and Gaitz' (1970) others? An answer was reached by examining the mean rating of each combination possibility across each scale (see Table XXXVIII).…”

Section: Sociometric Choicementioning

confidence: 71%

A multivariate investigation of machiavellianism and task structure in four‐man groups

Bochner

Bochner²

1972

Speech Monographs

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This study was designed to test the proposition that group communication and members' reactions result from an interaction between the demands of the experimental tasks and the characteristics of the individuals performing them. After an investigation of the work of Cooley, Mead, Goffman, Szasz, Shostrom, Leary, and Berne, the researcher concluded that an important dimension for communication study is the personality trait referred to as "manipulation." The Machiavellian test developed by Richard Christie, for the purpose of measuring a person's manipulative orientations toward interpersonal relations, was chosen as the criterion measure, V Man is not born human. It is only slowly and laboriously, in fruitful contact, cooperation, and conflict with his fellows, that he attains the distinctive qualities of human nature.

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“…In contrast, low Machiavellians tend to be less effective at manipulation practices and are more personally involved in their professions. An important limitation of the Machiavellian strategy to manipulate and interact with people is the fact that it is most effective in small groups, where face-to-face interaction is predominant (Hacker and Gaitz, 1970). As soon as the group grows and the level of direct interaction decreases, Machiavellians become less effective in using their tactics to reach their goals.…”

Section: Literature and Hypotheses Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leading Machiavellians on the road to better organizational behavior

Shah

Shahjehan

Afsar

2021

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PurposeStudies highlighting negative behavioral influences of Machiavellians are plentiful; however, those prescribing their management are scarce. Machiavellians are intelligent, adaptable and resourceful people with negative, self-serving and unethical persona traits. Their abundance in organizations poses a challenge for managers in minimizing negative consequences of Machiavellian's manipulative behaviors and tap into their true potential. Leadership can play a crucial role in this regard. This purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderating effects of transformational leadership (TFL) versus transactional leadership (TSL) styles on the relationship between subordinates' Machiavellianism and their organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and counterproductive work behavior (CWB). The aim was to highlight the style that better adept in managing high-Mach subordinates.Design/methodology/approachThis cross-sectional study used multiple surveys administered to 90 managers and their 269 subordinates from 56 organizations. Multiple regression was used for testing and hypothesize linear and supplementary nonlinear relationships between the study variables.FindingsAfter a detailed data analysis, authors posit that, as compared to TFL, the TSL style is better suited for managing Machiavellian subordinates.Practical implicationsBy employing transactional tactics, leaders can reign in the divergent behavior of Machiavellians, thus, transforming them into useful organizational assets.Originality/valueThis study expands on limited body of knowledge on managing Machiavellians. It advocates using TSL for improving the OCB of Machiavellians while countering their CWBs. Furthermore, this study contributes to transactional/transformational theories as it lends credence to the situational theory of leadership.

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Interaction and Performance Correlates of Machiavellianism

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Pornography, impersonal sex, and sexual aggression: A test of the confluence model in a national probability sample of men in the U.S.

Pornography, impersonal sex, and sexual aggression: A test of the confluence model in a national probability sample of men in the U.S.

A multivariate investigation of machiavellianism and task structure in four‐man groups

Leading Machiavellians on the road to better organizational behavior

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