Interaction among sporophytic S loci in self-incompatible garden chrysanthemums

Stephens, Loren C.; Ascher, Peter D.; Widmer, Richard E.

doi:10.1007/bf00021890

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Additionally, it could be superior to selfing since sib-mating is a mild form of recombinant inbreeding (Anderson et al, 1992) and permits the breeder to select for strong SI and high outcross seed set simultaneously, thereby producing strongly SI parents for F1 hybrid seed production. These full-sibs were created by the breeding scheme developed by Stephens et al (1984) and crossed as follows: SIx mid PSC (84-161-28 x 17), SI x lowPSC (83-76-33 x 24), low PSC × SI (85-312-3 x 6), low PSC x low PSC (85-92-61 × 51; 85-341-4 × 9), and high PSC × low PSC (83-263-1 x 6).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of pseudo-self compatibility in self-incompatible garden and greenhouse chrysanthemums, Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelv

Anderson

Ascher

1996

Euphytica

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Self incompatibility (SI) can be used to alleviate costly hand emasculation and pollination in F1 hybrid chrysanthemum seed production. SI, however, disrupts the progression of inbreedig (selfing or full-sib mating). Consequently, inbreds are selected for breakdown of the SI system or the presence of pseudo-self compatibility (PSC). PSC inbreds, recombinant inbreds, and noninbred cultivars were selfed and/or intercrossed to determine PSC expression across environments and generate 1-3 inbred generations (I1-I3). Percent PSC ranged from 0-68.8% for inbred parents, 0.2-99.7% for recombinant inbreds, and 0.6-25.7% for noninbred cultivars. There was no indication of 'end-of-season' PSC. The majority of parents (78%) were classified as low PSC and this trend continued in the I1 (70.1%), 12 (65.6%), and I3 (83.6%) generations; mid PSC was rarer (11.9-18.8%) and high PSC the least common (4.5-15.6%). PSC distributions were primarily continuous, rather than discrete, indicating quantitative inheritance. In several inbred families, 100% of the II individuals were SI; this was not correlated with parental PSC level. Inbred families derived from selfing low and mid PSC parents were the most likely to reach extinction due to inbreeding depression. High PSC was not highly heritable, since I1 progeny were predominantly SI or had low to mid PSC levels. Most X 2 values for PSC:SI segregations (1:1, 1:3, 3:1) were not significant at the 5% level. Realized heritability (HR) estimates for PSC ranged from a low of 0.05% to 10.19%, although increased HR values did not account for inbreeding depression or genetic mechanisms preventing selection for high PSC. The highest individual %PSC increased over the high parent with SI × low PSC or SI × mid PSC parents in all cases; progeny means did so only in SI × low PSC. Low x low crosses were split evenly between an increase and decrease in progeny or highest individual mean. Since all low × low crosses and low selfs produced 43-50% of the progeny with PSC levels higher than the parents, it appears that most low parents possess some unexpressed PSC genes. Mid PSC parents responded similarly to low PSC genotypes. An increase in PSC was found when crossing SIx PSC parents, illustrating a 'threshold effect'. PSC × PSC crosses (high x low, low × low) produced SI, low, and mid PSC 11 individuals but did not show a heterotic effect, since the PSC parents had already surpassed the PSC threshold. Selfing high PSC parents, however, suggested different genetic control. Progeny and highest individual means behaved the same; 83% decreased and 17% remained the same for PSC levels. The drop in PSC indicated non-additive gene action. Thus, the PSC threshold with additive gene action holds when selection for higher PSC levels is being done from low and mid PSC parents, but once high PSC levels are obtained, non-additive gene action prevails.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of pseudo-self compatibility in self-incompatible garden and greenhouse chrysanthemums, Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelv

Anderson

Ascher

1996

Euphytica

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“…Chrysanthemum has a strong selfincompatibility system, thus causing many crosses between related or unrelated individuals to be unsuccessful. Usually only between 5 and 50 per cent of crosses between sibs in an F1 are compatible (Drewlow et at., 1973;Ronald & Ascher, 1975;Zagorski et at., 1983;Stephens et at., 1984). The genetics of the sporophytic self-incompatibility system is not completely resolved but probably several loci are involved (more than two) and there is dominance of alleles (Zagorski et at., 1983;Stephens et at., 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid detection of genetic variability in chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) using random primers

1993

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Genetic variation in chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandifiora) was studied using a recently developed technique generating Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs). It appeared that variation between cultivars was high and that the cultivars used could be distinguished from each other by using only two different primers. A family of cultivars, derived from one original cultivar by vegetative propagation, had identical fragment patterns. Because of the high level of polymorphism and clonal stability RAPD fragments are useful for cultivar identification. Genetic variability among related Dendranthema species was too high to study genetic distances either among cultivars within chrysanthemum or among species related to chrysanthemum.

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“…Of six crosses performed over the 2006 crossing season, the number of seeds produced per inflorescence varied from 44 to 140 (mean, 103), demonstrating that this was a compatible cross, as predicted. This result demonstrates that inbreeding by using full-sib crosses is feasible following a similar proposed scheme for garden chrysanthemum (Stephens et al, 1984). Identification of S 2.2 and S 1.2 genotypes among sibs should be relatively easy because of the roughly 1:1 genetic ratio of S 1.2 :S 2.2 genotypes in each sexual generation, assuming that all populations of E. purpurea have a sporophytic SI system with similar dominance relationships.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Parent-offspring backcrosses can be used to determine the type of SI system operating within a species (Stephens et al, 1984). Three types of crossing schemes served as the experimental framework to distinguish between gametophytic and sporophytic SI in a backcrossing scheme (Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-incompatibility in Echinacea purpurea

Stephens¹

2008

horts

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Progenies derived from self-pollination and parent–offspring backcrosses of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench accession PI 631307 revealed that a sporophytic self-incompatibility (SI) system was operating in this germplasm. Offspring of progenies from the original accession were self-incompatible, but most self-pollinations resulted in some self-seed set. One seedling from such a self-pollination was reciprocally crosscompatible with its parent, proving that a sporophytic SI system was operational. The F3BC1 progeny could be classified into two offspring groups. The first group of two seedlings was reciprocally compatible with its seed parent but reciprocally incompatible with its pollen parent based on stigma collapse of the seed parent florets 2 to 4 days after pollination. The second offspring group of three seedlings was reciprocally incompatible with its seed parent but reciprocally compatible with its pollen parent. Seed set data were in agreement with classification by stigma collapse in seven of 10 backcrosses, including in several reciprocally compatible backcrosses that provided further proof of a sporophytic SI system. Additionally, a χ2 test showed that the data fit a sporophytic SI model with S allele dominance operating in pollen and pistil. Assuming that S allele dominance is widespread within Echinacea purpurea, it should be possible to produce inbred lines by making successive generations of full-sib crosses.

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Interaction among sporophytic S loci in self-incompatible garden chrysanthemums

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Inheritance of pseudo-self compatibility in self-incompatible garden and greenhouse chrysanthemums, Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelv

Inheritance of pseudo-self compatibility in self-incompatible garden and greenhouse chrysanthemums, Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelv

Rapid detection of genetic variability in chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) using random primers

Self-incompatibility in Echinacea purpurea

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