Interacting duplications, fluctuating selection, and convergence: the complex dynamics of flowering time evolution during sunflower domestication

Blackman, Benjamin K.

doi:10.1093/jxb/ers359

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…This suggests that PEP1 has been repeatedly targeted by selection on flowering-time variation and, furthermore, that this flowering behavior in A. alpina evolved multiple times independently from a common vernalization-sensitive ancestor. Similarly, day-neutral and long-day varieties have evolved several times independently from short-day plants in both wild and domesticated sunflowers (Helianthus annuus; Blackman et al 2010Blackman et al , 2011Blackman 2013). At least four homologues of FT (HaFT1 to HaFT4) are present in the sunflower genome.…”

Section: The Transition To Floweringmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Have Advances in Comparative Floral Development Influenced Our Understanding of Floral Evolution?

Glover¹,

Airoldi²,

Fernández‐Mazuecos³

et al. 2015

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Editor: Patrick S. HerendeenEvolutionary developmental biology has come to prominence in the past two decades, in both the plant kingdom and the animal kingdom, particularly following the description of homeotic genes linked to key morphological transitions. A primary goal of evolutionary developmental biology ("evo-devo") is to define how developmental programs are modified to generate novel or labile morphologies. This requires an understanding of the molecular genetic basis of these programs and of the evolutionary changes they have undergone. The past decade has seen the establishment of a common language and common standards, and these changes have greatly improved the integration of evo-devo. Recently, a more comparative approach has been added to mechanistic developmental biology. In this review we attempt to show how, by using this "next-generation evo-devo" approach, insights into both developmental biology and evolutionary biology can be gained. Although the concepts we discuss are more broadly applicable, we have focused our examples on traits of the angiosperm flower, a structure that has undergone enormous morphological and developmental evolution since its relatively recent appearance in the fossil record.

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Section: The Transition To Floweringmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Have Advances in Comparative Floral Development Influenced Our Understanding of Floral Evolution?

Glover¹,

Airoldi²,

Fernández‐Mazuecos³

et al. 2015

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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“…This gene also has a possible role in seed germination [43] (see discussion of germination and seed dormancy in sunflower below). The control of flowering is an important agricultural trait, and the evolution of flowering time is known to have played a critical role in the success of many crop species, including sunflower [17], [23], [44], [45]. Wild sunflower exhibits extensive variation in flowering time [46], [47], whereas the primitive sunflowers typically flower later in the season [48], and modern varieties have been selected for relatively early flowering [44], [49] making it possible to produce sunflower across a broader range of environments [17].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Evolution of Candidate Genes for Crop-Related Traits in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

et al. 2014

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Evolutionary analyses aimed at detecting the molecular signature of selection during crop domestication and/or improvement can be used to identify genes or genomic regions of likely agronomic importance. Here, we describe the DNA sequence-based characterization of a pool of candidate genes for crop-related traits in sunflower. These genes, which were identified based on homology to genes of known effect in other study systems, were initially sequenced from a panel of improved lines. All genes that exhibited a paucity of sequence diversity, consistent with the possible effects of selection during the evolution of cultivated sunflower, were then sequenced from a panel of wild sunflower accessions an outgroup. These data enabled formal tests for the effects of selection in shaping sequence diversity at these loci. When selection was detected, we further sequenced these genes from a panel of primitive landraces, thereby allowing us to investigate the likely timing of selection (i.e., domestication vs. improvement). We ultimately identified seven genes that exhibited the signature of positive selection during either domestication or improvement. Genetic mapping of a subset of these genes revealed co-localization between candidates for genes involved in the determination of flowering time, seed germination, plant growth/development, and branching and QTL that were previously identified for these traits in cultivated × wild sunflower mapping populations.

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“…A frameshift mutation in a sunflower FT paralog segregating at low frequency in wild populations experienced a selective sweep during domestication, and heterologous transformation studies in Arabidopsis indicate that this variant causes a photoperiod-specific delay in flowering through dominant-negative interference with the function of another FT paralog (Blackman et al, 2010;Blackman, 2013). Recent work also has associated cis-regulatory variants in FT homologs of soybean (Zhao et al, 2016) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor; Cuevas et al, 2016) with the evolution of day-neutral varieties.…”

Section: Variation In Magnitude Of Photoperiodic Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Responses to Changing Seasons: Natural Variation in the Plasticity of Flowering Time

Blackman

2016

Plant Physiol.

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For plants that live in seasonally changing environments, timing is everything. Matching developmental transitions with the best times of year for growth and reproduction is necessary to maintain high fitness. Consequently, plants employ many mechanisms to sense and integrate multiple predictive seasonal cues to regulate their major developmental shifts. As the annual timing with which the growing season starts and ends changes across the landscape, natural selection has led to the evolution of the mechanisms that regulate the developmental plasticity of flowering among populations or varieties of species and crop plants that inhabit broad geographic ranges. There has been significant recent progress in describing the diversity of this variation in flowering time plasticity and in identifying the specific genetic changes responsible. Such work is an essential step toward understanding the processes that have shaped current and past adaptation, managing genetic diversity and improving crops in the face of climate change, and forecasting how populations may respond plastically and evolutionarily to future environmental challenges. In this Update, I review the findings of recent studies of natural variation in the plasticity of flowering to photoperiod, vernalization, and ambient temperature, and the implications and open questions raised by this work are considered.A fundamental adaptation of plants inhabiting seasonal environments is their ability to match the annual timing of major life history transitions to the local growing season. Most species achieve this synchrony through developmental plasticity. In other words, individuals sense how environmental cues like daylength and temperature change from winter to spring to summer to fall. The information gleaned from these cycles is then integrated molecularly so that germination, flowering, and other key transitions occur during periods favorable for growth, reproduction, and seed set. However, as the climate changes over the 21st century and the relative timing of annual cycles in temperature and precipitation shifts, once adaptive responses will no longer effectively predict the best calendar dates to initiate these essential developmental events (Nicotra et al., 2010;Wilczek et al., 2010). Because natural populations and cultivated landraces of many taxa have evolved to thrive in geographically diverse habitats and climates as their ranges have expanded, they harbor natural variants that may prove instructive in breeding crops and conserving native plant diversity in the face of future environmental challenges. Thus, a critical objective in plant biology is

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Interacting duplications, fluctuating selection, and convergence: the complex dynamics of flowering time evolution during sunflower domestication

Cited by 19 publications

References 118 publications

How Have Advances in Comparative Floral Development Influenced Our Understanding of Floral Evolution?

How Have Advances in Comparative Floral Development Influenced Our Understanding of Floral Evolution?

Molecular Evolution of Candidate Genes for Crop-Related Traits in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Changing Responses to Changing Seasons: Natural Variation in the Plasticity of Flowering Time

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