Inter-strand resistance and AC loss in resin-filler impregnated ReBCO Roebel cables

Abstract

In the frame of the EuCARD2 collaboration, aimed at developing the technology for 20 T class accelerator magnets, several demonstrator dipole magnets are being built using high critical current density and fully transposed ReBCO tape-based Roebel-type cables. In accelerator magnets the dynamic magnetic field quality is one of the key parameters, which is affected by the effective interstrand resistances in the cables. For this reason, measurements of the inter-strand resistances on ReBCO Roebel cables were carried out at 4.2 and 77 K. Acquiring these data is also essential for input of cable simulation models. The cable samples are impregnated with epoxy resin to reduce the effect of transverse stress degradation due to Lorentz forces acting on the strands in the Roebel cables. The measured inter-strand resistance is used to estimate the AC coupling loss in different magnetic field orientations. Moreover, the contributions of diverse interface contact resistances to overall inter-strand resistance of Roebel cables were determined using a novel theoretical model. For validation, the AC loss of cables were examined in various orientations of applied field at 4.2 K. With three analytical models the hysteresis loss was calculated and compared to the measured data. The average inter-strand resistance of the cable samples impregnated with the unfilled epoxy CTD-101K range from 3 to 16 μΩ at 77 K and 1.5 to 9 μΩ at 4.2 K. Between the tapes the copper to copper interface resistance dominates the inter-strand resistance of impregnated Roebel cables. The calculated and measured AC loss for the CTD-101K impregnated Roebel cable lead to equivalent conclusions that the coupling loss is lower than the hysteresis loss within the range of the experiment. These observations substantially differ from earlier results extracted from a similar cable but impregnated with the alumina-filled epoxy resin CTD-101G, which showed considerable coupling loss when exposed to magnetic field parallel the wide face of the cable.

HTS Accelerator Magnets and Conductor development in Europe

“…This conclusion was confirmed by the group at the University of Twente: measurements were performed calorimetrically and inductively at 4.2 K and low frequency of 0.01-0.1 Hz, both in perpendicular and parallel field orientation. The coupling loss was found to be lower than the hysteresis loss in both orientations, within the range of the experiments [64]. However, these observations substantially differ from earlier results extracted from a similar cable but impregnated with the alumina-filled epoxy resin CTD-101G, which showed considerable coupling loss when exposed to magnetic field parallel to the broad face of the cable [62].…”

“…EuCARD-2 also promoted investigations on the magnetization, AC loss and inter-tape resistance of REBCO Roebel cables [62][63][64]. Two measurement campaigns were carried out at the University of Twente and at the Southampton University on 15-tape SuperPower-type Roebel cable samples prepared at KIT and impregnated with CDT-101K at CERN.…”

“…The experiments from Gao et al [64] were also complemented by direct measurements of the inter-tape resistance. A tape in a Roebel cable changes position along the longitudinal direction, thus within one transposition length every tape is in contact with two neighboring tapes.…”

Evaluation AC Losses in Large-Scale Conductors Consisting of Stacked REBCO Tapes

“…Studies that have investigated the conditions in which inter-tape coupling losses and hysteresis losses occur simultaneously are limited. Some experimental studies have investigated the effect of inter-strand resistances on inter-tape coupling losses; however, these studies have not focused on the effect of the interaction between hysteresis and coupling losses [9,10].…”

Conduction-cooled ReBCO coils for the wind converter: from laboratory to field test

“…If we assume that this ripple magnetic field is mainly parallel to the ReBCO tape and larger than the penetration magnetic field, which seems reasonable with a penetration field in the order of 10 mT [229], than the hystesresis loss is proportional to the amplitude of the ripple magnetic field [120]:…”