Inter-sectional hybrids obtained from reciprocal crosses between <i>Begonia semperflorens</i> (section <i>Begonia</i>) and <i>B.</i> ‘Orange Rubra’ (section <i>Gaerdita</i> × section <i>Pritzelia</i>)

Abstract

Inter-sectional hybrids were successfully obtained by the reciprocal crosses between 11 cultivars (including 6 diploids and 5 tetraploids) of Begonia semperflorens (SS & SSSS genomes) and B. ‘Orange Rubra’ (RR genome) with the aid of in vitro culture of mature or immature seeds on MS medium containing 0.1 mg l−1 α-naphthylacetic acid, 0.1 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine, 10 mg l−1 gibberellic acid, 30 g l−1 sucrose and 2.5 g l−1 gellan gum. Embryo rescue as ovary culture with immature seeds 12th–16th day after pollination (DAP) generally gave higher efficiency of plantlet formation, but in some cross combinations, culture of mature seeds (30 DAP) resulted in higher yield of plantlets. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that they were consisted of the plants with various genomic combinations (RS, RR, RSS, RRS, RRSS and RRRRSS) as estimated by the DNA contents of both parents. Hybridity of these plants with various genomic combinations including RR was confirmed by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. These results suggested that unreduced gamete formation and spontaneous chromosome doubling were involved in the hybrid formation of various ploidy levels and genomic combinations. These hybrids showed various levels of intermediate traits between both parents according to the genomic compositions, and some of them had desirable characters of both parents.

The Genetic Relationships of Grevillea Hybrids Determined by RAPD Marker

“…RAPD has been widely used in determination of intraspecific as well as interspecific variations (Pharmawati et al 2004;Noormohammadi et al 2012), plant cultivar and varietal identification (Chaudhary et al 2010;Sun et al 2012). RAPD marker was proved to be able to identify hybridity of putative hybrids and their parents both in natural or spontaneous hybridizations (Tovae-Sanchez & Oyama 2004;El-Kamali et al 2010;Clarkson et al 2011;Yulita & Mansur 2012) as well as in artificial crosses (Chen & Mii 2012;Narendrula & Nkongolo 2012). In this study, PCR-RAPD was employed to examine genetic variations and molecular relationship of several Grevillea hybrids.…”

Embryo Rescue in Plant Breeding

“…Interspecific hybrids in begonias were successfully obtained through reciprocal crosses between diploid and tetraploid cultivars of Begonia semperflorens (genome SS and SSSS) and B. "Orange Rubra" (section Gaerdita × section Pritzelia, genome RR), with the support of in vitro culture of mature or immature embryos [251]. Haploid, DH, triploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid plants with various genomic combinations were generated.…”

“…The results suggested that unreduced gametes and spontaneous chromosome doubling contribute to the establishment of hybrids. These hybrids exhibited intermediate traits between parents based on their genomic constitutions, and some of them displayed key characteristics from both parents, which are significant for the flower market [251].…”

A importância da hibridização para a preservação da variabilidade genética da família Arecaceae (palmeiras) frente a fatores antropogênicos: uma revisão sobre o caso da palmeira x Butyagrus nabonnandii (Prosch.) Vorste.

“…Assim, A produção de híbridos interespecíficos e intergêneros abre uma nova perspectiva no melhoramento genético para as espécies de cunho alimentar, ornamental e comercial (Chen & Mii, 2012;Deng et al, 2011). Dentro desta perspectiva, a hibridização induzida pode também potencializar a adaptabilidade.…”