Inter-seasonal and spatial distribution of ground-level greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) over Nagpur in India and their management roadmap

Majumdar, Deepanjan; Rao, Pasupuleti Sreenivasa; Maske, Nilam

doi:10.1007/s10661-017-5829-2

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The spatial variations in atmospheric CH 4 concentration result from the activities performed at the study sites (Sahay and Ghosh, 2013; Majumdar et al, 2017; Thomas and Zachariah, 2012). Possible sources of CH 4 in the city of Tandil are the sanitary landfill, the sewage treatment plant, the urban lake, vehicular transport, pipeline distribution, and NG consumption.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Methane Concentration Allows Estimating Natural Gas Leaks in Heating Systems in Tandil, Argentina

et al. 2019

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Residential use of natural gas (NG) for heating and cooking purposes may contribute significantly to CH4 emissions to the atmosphere. To analyze whether the NG demand in the city of Tandil, Argentina, contributes to the increase in atmospheric CH4 concentration, we conducted systematic collections of time‐integrated air samples for a year in six city sites with different population and built‐up density. Some meteorological parameters and NG consumption were registered. Atmospheric CH4 concentration ranged from 1.12 to 1.95 mg m−3 (1.72 to 2.84 ppm) with significant seasonal and spatial variations. In all the sites, with the exception of a peri‐urban site bordering rural areas, the maximum CH4 concentrations were measured during the coldest months, with a statistically significant correlation between residential and commercial NG consumption with respect to air temperature (p < 0.001, R = −0.84 to −0.69) and atmospheric CH4 concentration (p < 0.05, R = 0.58 to 0.94). In Argentina, the most popular home heating system is the balanced‐draft heater, which has a thermal efficiency of 39 to 63%. This low efficiency allows us to attribute the highest atmospheric CH4 concentration found during the coldest months mainly to the leaks of the heating systems and the greater residential use of NG. Repairing the gas leaks by increasing thermal efficiency or replacing heating systems with more efficient ones will bring economic, environmental, and health benefits. This study is important for our country where the dependence on the use of NG from heating systems is significant. Core Ideas We studied atmospheric CH4 concentration in an urban area at a southern mid‐latitude. We observed spatial and seasonal variations in atmospheric CH4 concentration. The highest atmospheric CH4 concentrations were measured during the coldest months. Methane concentration and residential natural gas consumption were well correlated. Low‐efficiency heating systems cause an increase in CH4 concentrations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Methane Concentration Allows Estimating Natural Gas Leaks in Heating Systems in Tandil, Argentina

et al. 2019

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“…The increase in atmospheric CO 2 is brought about by varieties of anthropogenic activities [9,10]. These activities include, but not limited to, cement production, deforestation, fossil fuels combustion, open burning of refuse, operation of generator sets, and human respiration in congested places [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscaping of Residential Estates as a Mitigation Measure to Reduce Carbon Dioxide and Temperature Levels in Inner Ibadan City, Nigeria

Adesoye¹,

Sridhar²,

Coker³

et al. 2019

IJEMA

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This study assessed the spatial distribution of carbon dioxide emanation in selected residential estates and the impact of landscaping in reducing their levels in Ibadan metropolis. The study was carried out in high, medium and low commercial activity areas characterized by population density and traffic congestion within Ibadan city. CO 2 concentrations and temperature were measured at 4 hourly interval from 9am to 5pm for a period of seven consecutive days while numbers of trees/plants (biomass density) were counted, at 21 different points from seven areas each with high, medium and low commercial activities. Measurements were carried out with the aid of calibrated portable gas meters. The means CO 2 (ppm) were 542±95, 415±11 and 376±14 at 1.00 pm in the high, medium and low commercial activity areas respectively. CO 2 concentrations were generally higher than IPCC value, but highest in the afternoon. Temperature values were generally higher in the afternoon in high and medium commercial activity areas, but lower in the low commercial activity zones. Significantly, density of trees in low commercial activity areas (234.3±6.7) was higher compared to those in medium (22.8±0.5) and high (24.2±0.7) activity areas respectively. An inverse correlation was observed between CO 2 concentration and the density of trees (r=-0.456; p=0.038). The spatial distribution of CO 2 concentration in relation to landscaping revealed that CO 2 concentration reduces northward away from the urban core areas where there were fewer trees. The areas with low commercial activities had large numbers of trees while temperature and CO 2 flux were lower in these areas. Temperature and density of trees contribute significantly in explaining the CO 2 concentration (p=0.015). CO 2 concentrations and temperature were high in high commercial activities areas in Ibadan metropolis, few or no trees were observed in those areas. Increase in density of trees could be attributed to decrease in the CO 2 concentration. Hence, tree planting needs to be encouraged in the urban core of Ibadan metropolis to reduce air pollution.

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Distribution of greenhouse gases in hyper-arid and arid areas of northern Chile and the contribution of the high altitude wetland microbiome (Salar de Huasco, Chile)

Molina

Eissler

Cornejo

et al. 2018

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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Northern Chile harbors different bioclimatic zones including hyper-arid and arid ecosystems and hotspots of microbial life, such as high altitude wetlands, which may contribute differentially to greenhouse gases (GHG) such as carbon dioxide (CO), methane (CH) and nitrous oxide (NO). In this study, we explored ground level GHG distribution and the potential role of a wetland situated at 3800 m.a.s.l, and characterized by high solar radiation < 1600 W m, extreme temperature ranges (-12 to 24 °C) and wind stress (< 17 m s). The water source of the wetland is mainly groundwater springs, which generates streams and ponds surrounded by peatlands. These sites support a rich microbial aquatic life including diverse bacteria and archaea communities, which transiently form more complex structures, such as microbial mats. In this study, GHG were measured in the water and above ground level air at the wetland site and along an elevation gradient in different bioclimatic areas from arid to hyper-arid zones. The microbiome from the water and sediments was described by high-throughput sequencing 16S rRNA and rDNA genes. The results indicate that GHG at ground level were variable along the elevation gradient potentially associated with different bioclimatic zones, reaching high values at the high Andean steppe and variable but lower values in the Atacama Desert and at the wetland. The water areas of the wetland presented high concentrations of CH and CO, particularly at the spring areas and in air bubbles below microbial mats. The microbial community was rich (> 40 phyla), including archaea and bacteria potentially active in the different matrices studied (water, sediments and mats). Functional microbial groups associated with GHG recycling were detected at low frequency, i.e., < 2.5% of total sequences. Our results indicate that hyper-arid and arid areas of northern Chile are sites of GHG exchange associated with various bioclimatic zones and particularly in aquatic areas of the wetland where this ecosystem could represent a net sink of NO and a source for CH and CO.

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Inter-seasonal and spatial distribution of ground-level greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) over Nagpur in India and their management roadmap

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Atmospheric Methane Concentration Allows Estimating Natural Gas Leaks in Heating Systems in Tandil, Argentina

Atmospheric Methane Concentration Allows Estimating Natural Gas Leaks in Heating Systems in Tandil, Argentina

Landscaping of Residential Estates as a Mitigation Measure to Reduce Carbon Dioxide and Temperature Levels in Inner Ibadan City, Nigeria

Distribution of greenhouse gases in hyper-arid and arid areas of northern Chile and the contribution of the high altitude wetland microbiome (Salar de Huasco, Chile)

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