Inter-relationships of Resistance to Penetration, Moisture and Soil Organic Matter with Irrigated Bean Yield in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Abstract

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) can be cultivated practically throughout the year in different regions of Brazil, provided there are no water and temperature limitations. This study was carried out in a Quartzarenic Neosol, in the municipality of Cassilândia, state of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Brazil, in the 2016/2017 agricultural year. This study aimed to establish the linear and spatial interrelations of the penetration resistance (PR), gravimetric moisture (GM), and organic matter content (OM) with bean grain yield (GY) in the 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m soil layers, collected in a mesh of 117 georeferenced points [81 points of the base mesh (6 m spacing among points)] and 36 mesh points with higher density (2 m spacing among points). Data analysis was carried out by statistical and geostatistical techniques that enabled to note that the organic matter content correlates linearly and negatively with penetration resistance, indicating that soil management practices aiming to increase its profile improve its physical conditions and therefore the bean grain development and yield. The gravimetric moisture and soil organic matter content correlate spatially, directly, and linearly with bean grain yield, proving to be the best properties among those surveyed to estimate and increase its agricultural productivity.

Contribution of Soil Attributes and Morphological Variables to Yield of Irrigated Garlic

“…These variables also showed high negative correlations with garlic yield (GY). Similar results were obtained in other studies involving resistance to penetration and crop yields, such as Souza Lima et al, (2017) studying eucalyptus, and Oliveira et al, (2019) studying beans.…”

“…There were high and positive correlations between the variables: RP1 x MRP; RP2 x MRP; RP3 x MRP, and RP4 x MRP. Studying the relationships with penetration resistance, Galindo et al, (2018) and Oliveira et al, (2019) also found high and positive correlations between the same variables. These variables also showed high negative correlations with garlic yield (GY).…”

“…Figure 3 expresses the network of Pearson's correlations among morphological variables. The efficiency of such innovative technique to relate many variables has already been highlighted in the literature by Silva et al (2017a, b), Oliveira et al, (2018), andOliveira et al, (2019).…”

“…In the soil, water deficiency mainly compromises plant development and bulb yield, while its excess impairs bulb quality and conservation (Costa et al, 1993). Oliveira et al, (2019), citing Carvalho et al, (2006), affirmed that some soil physical factors are especially important when assessing crop response to a specific management strategy, including soil water content and mechanical impediments to root development. Thus, understanding the changes in soil attributes can help improve agricultural productivity.…”